Preview

GEOGRAPHY, ENVIRONMENT, SUSTAINABILITY

Advanced search

Wind Farms - Combining Energy And Ecological Performance In Crimea

https://doi.org/10.24057/2071-9388-2018-51

Abstract

Renewable energy use is spreading worldwide presenting the future of the power engineering - its renewable resources and low ecological impact characterize one of the best technologies to support permanently growing energy consumption and contribute to sustainable development. But its development is sometimes hampered by lack of suitable technologies and strong positions of the competing conventional energy production. Moreover, critics emphasize such problems of renewable energy use as unstable energy production, complicated connection to power lines, some ecological problems. To prove its efficiency renewable energy development needs support by relevant resource and ecological assessments. This paper presents our research concerning wind farm location issue regarding both production efficiency and minimal ecological impact. Our field research in Crimea was directed at on-site assessment of wind farm location efficiency as well as studies of public opinion concerning local wind farms and wind energy use in general. It was found out that Crimean wind farms have controversial location efficiency related to its power production. But their ecological impact was minimal proved by both on-site measurements and sociological survey results. It was also found that wind turbine noise impact had a very complicated character, but had no significant ecological impact.

About the Authors

S. P. Koshkin
Lomonosov Moscow State University
Russian Federation

Sergei P. Koshkin - Faculty of Geography



T. M. Krasovskaya
Lomonosov Moscow State University
Russian Federation

Tatiana M. Krasovskaya - Faculty of Geography



References

1. American Wind Energy Association (2006). Wind Power Myths vs. Facts [online]. Available at: http://web.archive.org/web/20060131235323/http://www.awea.org/pubs/factsheets/050629_Myths_vs_Facts_Fact_Sheet.pdf (Accessed 24.01.2017).

2. Baerwald E.F., D'Amours G.H., Klug B.J., Barclay R.M.R. (2008). Barotrauma is a significant cause of bat fatalities at wind turbines. [online] University of Calgary. Available at: http://www.cell.com/current-biology/abstract/S0960-9822(08)00751-3?_returnURL=http%3A%2F%2Flinkinghub.elsevier.com%2Fretrieve%2Fpii%2FS0960982208007513%3Fshowall%3Dtrue&cc=y= (Accessed 21.03.2017).

3. Bettex M. (2012). Wind resistance. [online] Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Available at: http://news.mit.edu/2010/climate-wind-0312 (Accessed 30.06.2017).

4. Bolin K., Bluhm G., Eriksson G., Nilsson M.E. (2011). Infrasound and low frequency noise from wind turbines: exposure and health effects. Environmental Research Letters. - v. 6, no. 3.

5. Brannstrom C., Gorayeb A., de Sousa Mendes J., Loureiro C., de Andrade Meireles A.J., da Silva E.D., de Freitas A.L.R., de Oliveira R.F. (2017). Is Brazilian wind power development sustainable? Insights from a review of conflicts in Ceara state. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, v.67, p. 62-71.

6. climate-data. org (2017). Climate: Autonomous Republic of Crimea [online]. Available at: https://ru.climate-data.org/region/619/ (Accessed 07.09.2017).

7. Dillon M. and Tronstad L. (2012). Baseline Research for Long-term Effects of Wind Farms on Insects in Wyoming. [online] University of Wyoming. Available at: https://www.uwyo.edu/wyndd/_files/docs/reports/wynddreports/u13dil01wyus.pdf (Accessed 25.09.2016).

8. Elistratov V.V. and Kuznetsov M.V. (2003). Theoretical basis for unconventional and renewable energy. Saint-Petersburg: SPbSPU Publishing House (in Russian).

9. The Federal Service for State Registration, Cadastre and Cartography of Russian Federation (2017). Public cadastral map. [online] Rosreestr. Available at: https://pkk5.rosreestr.ru/ (Accessed 05.12.2017).

10. Filin VA (1997). Videoecology. Moscow: TASS-Reklama (in Russian).

11. Furhlander Windtechnology (2017). Kerchensky wind park (Ostaninskaya wind farm) [online]. Available at: http://fwt.com.ua/ветропарк-останинский/ (Accessed 02.09.2017) (in Russian).

12. Gismeteo (2017). Weather Diary [online]. Available at: https://www.gismeteo.ru/diary/ (Accessed 07.09.2017) (in Russian).

13. International Renewable Energy Agency (2018). Data and Statistics [online]. Available at: http://resourceirena.irena.org/gateway/dashboard/index.html (Accessed 01.03.2018).

14. Keith D.W., DeCarolis J.F., Denkenberger D.C., Lenschow D.H., Malyshev S.L., Pacala S., Rasch PJ. (2004). The influence of large-scale wind power on global climate. [online] Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. Available at: http://www.pnas.org/content/101/46/16115.full (Accessed 22.09.2016).

15. Kommersant (2016). Energy supply of Crimea has been reestablished [online]. Available at: https://www.kommersant.ru/doc/3106583 (Accessed 02.09.2017) (in Russian).

16. Krymsky Telegraf (2013). How much resources Crimea needs and what is its energy potential?. Krymsky Telegraf newspaper, v. 216 (in Russian).

17. Leventhall G. (2003). A Review of Published Research on Low Frequency Noise and its Effects. [online] U.K. Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs. Available at: http://archive.defra.gov.uk/environment/quality/noise/research/lowfrequency/documents/lowfreqnoise.pdf (Accessed 01.10.2016).

18. Lopucki P and Perzanowski K. (2018). Effects of wind turbines on spatial distribution of the European hamster. Ecological Indicators, v. 84, p. 433-436.

19. Mikolajczak J., Borowski S., Marc-Pienkowska J., Odrowaz-Sypniewska G., Bernacki Z., Siodmiak J., Szterk P (2013). Preliminary studies on the reaction of growing geese (Anser anser f. domestica) to the proximity of wind turbines. Polish Journal of Veterinary Sciences, v. 16(4), p. 679-686.

20. Meyers J. and Meneveau C. (2012). Optimal turbine spacing in fully developed wind-farm boundary layers. [online] Wind Energy. Available at: https://people.mech.kuleuven.be/~jmeyers/resources/downloads/WE2012_15_305-preprint.pdf (Accessed 01.10.2016).

21. Ministry of Energy of Russian Federation (2017). Energy supply of Crimean Peninsula. [online] Available at: http://bit.do/eM2dC (Accessed 02.09.2017) (in Russian).

22. Mitchell P. (2014). Wind turbine separation distances matter. [online] Waubra Foundation. Available at: https://waubrafoundation.org.au/resources/mitchell-p-wind-turbine-separation-distances-matter/ (Accessed 04.02.2018).

23. New zealand Wind Energy Association (2017). Visual Effects. [online] Available at: http://www.windenergy.org.nz/visual-effects (Accessed 04.02.2018).

24. Nikolaev V.A. (2005). Landscape science. Aesthetics and design. Moscow: Aspect Press (in Russian).

25. Perelman YI. (2010). Horizon. Entertaining geometry. Moscow: Rimis (in Russian).

26. Rabl A. and Spadaro J. (2005). Externalities of Energy: Extension of accounting framework and Policy Applications. [online] European Community, EESD Programme. Available at: http://www.externe.info/externe_2006/expoltec.pdf (Accessed 14.09.2016).

27. Regnum (2017). Energy supply of Crimea and Sevastopol has been reestablished [online]. Available at: https://regnum.ru/news/2307920.html (Accessed 02.09.2017) (in Russian).

28. RIA News Crimea (2015). The development of Crimean energy supply system [online]. Available at: http://crimea.ria.ru/infographics/20151215/1102n8990.html (Accessed 02.09.2017) (in Russian).

29. Russian Association of Wind Industry (2018). The first wind farm in Russia was launched in Ulyanovsk. A new history of wind power in Russia [online]. Available at: https://rawi.ru/en/the-first-wind-farm-in-russia-was-launched-in-ulyanovsk-a-new-history-of-wind-power-in-russia/ (Accessed 01.03.2018).

30. Samorani M. (2010). The Wind Farm Layout Optimization Problem . [online] Leeds School of Business, University of Colorado. Available at: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/242580464_The_Wind_Farm_Layout_Optimization_Problem (Accessed 08.09.2017).

31. Semyonov V.G. (2014). Crimean energetics. What is to build? . [online] Energosovet Journal. Available at: http://www.energosovet.ru/bul_stat.php?idd=472 (Accessed 02.09.2017) (in Russian).

32. SM news (2017). Aksyonov gave 72 hours for energy supply reestablishment for Crimea [online]. Available at: https://sm-news.ru/news/energetika/aksenov-otvel-72-chasa-na-vosstanovlenie-elektrosnabzhenie-kryma/ (Accessed 02.09.2017) (in Russian).

33. State Committee of Sanitary-Epidemiological Surveillance of Russian Federation (2017). Health standards HS 2.2.4/2.1.8.562-96 "The noise at work, in the spaces of residential, public buildings and on residential areas” (established by Decree №36 at October, 31, 1996). Moscow: Morkniga (in Russian).

34. SUE Crimean Generating Systems (2017). Business units [online]. Available at: http://bit.do/eM2ey(Accessed 04.09.2017) (in Russian).

35. System Operator of United Power System (2018). 2017 Russian United Power System functioning report [online]. Available at: http://so-ups.ru/fileadmin/files/company/reports/disclosure/2018/ups_rep2017.pdf (Accessed 01.03.2018) (in Russian).

36. UK Department of the Environment (2007). Draft Planning Policy Statement 18: Renewable Energy [online]. Available at: http://www.planningni.gov.uk/index/policy/planning_statements_and_supplementary_planning_guidance/pps18-draft-renewable-energy.pdf (Accessed 08.09.2017).

37. Ved' I.P (2000). Climatic atlas of Crimea. Simferopol : Tavriya-Plyus (in Russian).

38. Wilson S. (2002). Guidelines for Landscape & Visual Impact Assessment. London: Spon Press.


Review

For citations:


Koshkin S.P., Krasovskaya T.M. Wind Farms - Combining Energy And Ecological Performance In Crimea. GEOGRAPHY, ENVIRONMENT, SUSTAINABILITY. 2019;12(1):88-103. https://doi.org/10.24057/2071-9388-2018-51

Views: 1047


Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.


ISSN 2071-9388 (Print)
ISSN 2542-1565 (Online)