Monitoring of Anthropogenic Impact on the Baikal Natural Territory: munisipal Level
https://doi.org/10.24057/2071-9388-2023-2779
Abstract
The purpose of the presented study is to develop a methodology for assessing the anthropogenic impact on the environment in the municipalities of the Baikal Natural Territory (BNT) and applying the obtained methodology to the studied territory. The article analyzes the existing methodological approaches to the assessment of anthropogenic impact on the environment. To carry out a comprehensive integrated assessment, the authors proposed an algorithm for calculating the anthropogenic impact index based on 22 indicators integrated into 7 subindexes (impact on the atmosphere, water and forest resources, agricultural impact, solid waste, disturbed lands and objects of accumulated harm, as well as background impact).
The weight of the indicators was determined by interviewing experts representing the scientific community (leading experts in the field of integrated assessments of certain types of impacts or specialists in the field of environmental problems of the BNT), the expert community (leading analytical agencies developing environmental ratings), as well as the environmental management system of the regions included in the BNT. The inertial nature of the anthropogenic impact characteristic of municipalities within the boundaries of the BNT, as well as the general tendency to reduce the impact, has been revealed. At the same time, the absence of positive changes in the environmental state was noted, especially characteristic of the largest impact centers with their inherent unfavorable environment, which suggests the need to take measures to reduce the impact. The advantage of the methodology proposed by the authors can be considered the possibility of extending monitoring in the future, which opens up the possibility of using this algorithm to assess the environmental situation and form environmental policy priorities. The analysis of the results confirmed the quality of the integrated assessment methodology and showed that the districts, cities and towns of the BNT are highly polarized in terms of the level of anthropogenic impact concentrated in certain areas, primarily in the zone of atmospheric influence. The main strengthening of the AI is characteristic of municipalities located along transport corridors, the axis of which is the Trans-Siberian Railway, The Baikal–Amur Mainline and the «Power of Siberia» gas pipeline.
Keywords
municipalities,
municipal level,
environmental policy,
spatial development,
integral index,
dynamics of a comprehensive assessment of anthropogenic impact
Supporting agencies: This research was performed within the framework of project No. 8/D-2021 «Development of an integrated assessment of anthropogenic impact and the state of the environment of Lake Baikal», the topic of the state assignment of the Department of Economic and Social Geography of Russia «Modern dynamics and factors of socioeconomic development of regions and cities of Russia and neighboring countries» (No.21051100161-9), topic of the state assignment of the Department of Geomorphology and Paleogeography «Evolution of the natural environment in the Cenozoic, relief dynamics, geomorphological hazards and risks of nature management» (No. 121040100323-5)
About the Authors
E. V. Antonov
Lomonosov Moscow State University
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Evgenii V. Antonov - Faculty of Geography.
Moscow, 119991
Yu. R. Belyaev
Lomonosov Moscow State University
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Yuri R. Belyaev - Faculty of Geography.
Moscow, 119991
V. R. Bityukova
Lomonosov Moscow State University
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Viktoria R. Bityukova - Faculty of Geography.
Moscow, 119991
A. V. Bredikhin
Lomonosov Moscow State University
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Andrei V. Bredikhin - Faculty of Geography.
Moscow, 119991
V. S. Dehnich
Lomonosov Moscow State University
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Vladimir S. Dehnich - Department of Ecology and Nature Management
010010, Astana, Kazhymukana str., 11, Kazakhstan branch
E. A. Eryomenko
Lomonosov Moscow State University
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Ekaterina A. Eryomenko - Faculty of Geography.
Moscow, 119991
N. A. Koldobskaya
Lomonosov Moscow State University
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Natalia A. Koldobskaya - Faculty of Geography.
Moscow, 119991
O. E. Prusikhin
Lomonosov Moscow State University
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Oleg E. Prusikhin - Faculty of Geography.
Moscow, 119991
S. G. Safronov
Lomonosov Moscow State University
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Sergei G. Safronov - Faculty of Geography.
Moscow, 119991
N. S. Kasimov
Lomonosov Moscow State University
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Nikolay S. Kasimov - Faculty of Geography.
Moscow, 119991
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Review
For citations:
Antonov E.V., Belyaev Yu.R., Bityukova V.R., Bredikhin A.V., Dehnich V.S., Eryomenko E.A., Koldobskaya N.A., Prusikhin O.E., Safronov S.G., Kasimov N.S. Monitoring of Anthropogenic Impact on the Baikal Natural Territory: munisipal Level. GEOGRAPHY, ENVIRONMENT, SUSTAINABILITY. 2023;16(3):83-91. https://doi.org/10.24057/2071-9388-2023-2779
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