Drivers Of Deforestation And Forest Degradation In Palawan, Philippines: An Analysis Using Social-Ecological Systems (SES) And Institutional Analysis And Development (IAD) Approaches
https://doi.org/10.24057/2071-9388-2022-081
Abstract
Palawan Island is home to one of Southeast Asia’s largest, oldest, and most diversified rainforests hence it was called the «Last Frontier.» However, the island province’s forest is contending with increased conversion of forest lands to plantation and household-level agriculture, intensive mineral mining, illegal logging, and other pressures on its ecosystems. Understanding these factors in relation to the prevalence of deforestation and forest degradation in Palawan is imperative. This paper analyzed these drivers of deforestation and forest degradation in Palawan using the social-ecological systems (SES) and institutional analysis development (IAD) frameworks. A literature review was conducted using a variety of web-based databases and sources and additional data were collected from official websites and reports. The identified major drivers of deforestation and forest degradation in the province include increasing population, migration from lowland to upland areas, illegal logging, mining, wide-scale kaingin and oil palm plantation, wildlife poaching, and weak policy implementation and enforcement. These identified drivers can be the target of the government of Palawan for their forest management plans. Additional findings and recommendations of this paper will also aid in the forest management planning in Palawan and other areas where similar settings exist.
About the Authors
Ronnel C. Nolos
School of Environmental Science and Management, University of the Philippines;
College of Natural and Allied Health Sciences, Marinduque State College
Philippines
Philippines
Department of Environmental Sciences, College of Natural and Allied Health Sciences, Marinduque State College
Los Baños, Laguna, 4031,
Boac, 4900
Akhmad Zamroni
School of Environmental Science and Management, University of the Philippines;
Institut Teknologi Nasional Yogyakarta
Philippines
Philippines
Department of Geological Engineering, Institut Teknologi Nasional Yogyakarta
Los Baños, Laguna, 4031, Yogyakarta
Kathleen Faith P. Evina
School of Environmental Science and Management, University of the Philippines;
College of Agriculture, Forestry, and Environmental Sciences, Western Philippines University
Philippines
Philippines
Forestry and Environmental Science Department, College of Agriculture, Forestry, and Environmental Sciences, Western Philippines University
Los Baños, Laguna, 4031,
Palawan, 5302
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For citations:
Nolos R.C., Zamroni A., Evina K.P. Drivers Of Deforestation And Forest Degradation In Palawan, Philippines: An Analysis Using Social-Ecological Systems (SES) And Institutional Analysis And Development (IAD) Approaches. GEOGRAPHY, ENVIRONMENT, SUSTAINABILITY. 2022;15(4):44-56. https://doi.org/10.24057/2071-9388-2022-081
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