Cenderawasih Hot Pool: The Frequent High Sea Surface Temperature Phenomena At Cenderawasih Bay, Papua
https://doi.org/10.24057/2071-9388-2022-156
Abstract
The term “warm pool” refers to a body of water with the characteristic of SST exceeding 28°C within a particular area and a relatively long period in an annual circle. However, there are regions with an annual mean SST measured above 30°C, and we classified them as hot pools because of the conditions of intense solar radiation and low wind speed. One of the Hot Pool spots was found in Indonesia, in Cenderawasih Bay. The present study examines the existence of the Cenderawasih Hot Pool using long-term observation of satellite SST data. In order to learn more about their mechanisms, we also analyzed surface wind, surface heat flux, and surface current data. The results show that SSTs in Cenderawasih Bay have a 50% chance of exceeding 30°C within the 13 years of study (2013-2015). Heat input comes from strong solar radiation, i.e., 50% of solar radiation is more than 200 W/m2. The location is also dominated by low wind speed, i.e., 80% wind speed of lower than 4 m/s, which caused the low latent loss in Cenderawasih Bay. Cenderawasih Bay is fully separated from surface currents during the dry and wet seasons since the easterly subsurface water flow does not enter the bay. The absence of strong currents prevents the mixing process, maintaining the high temperature in the surface layer. Those processes are discovered and they serve as compelling evidence to support Cenderawasih Bay as one of the Hot Pool areas within the Indonesian seas.
Supporting agencies: We thank the Program of Indonesia Collaborative Research run by Hasanuddin University and Diponegoro University, for financing this research, with the number of contracts: 1269/UN4.22/PT.01.03/2020 and 193.07/ UN7.6.1/PP/2020.
About the Authors
Abd. Rasyid Jalil
Department of Marine Science, Faculty of Marine Science and Fisheries, Hasanuddin University
Indonesia
Indonesia
Makassar
Anindya Wirasatriya
Department of Oceanography, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Science, Diponegoro University; Coastal and Ocean Remote Sensing Laboratory, Center for Coastal Rehabilitation and Disaster Mitigation Studies, Diponegoro University
Indonesia
Indonesia
Abdul Malik
Department of Geography, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Negeri Makassar
Indonesia
Indonesia
Fatwa Ramdani
5Department of International Public Policy, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Tsukuba; Program in Economic and Public Policy, Graduate School of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Tsukuba
Japan
Japan
Tsukuba, Ibaraki
Puji Rahmadi
Research Center for Oceanography, National Research and Innovation Agency
Indonesia
Indonesia
Jakarta
Gentio Harsono
Faculty of Science and Defense Technology, Republic Indonesia Defense University; Hydro-Oceanography Service Center
Indonesia
Indonesia
Bogor
Indonesian Navy
Riza Yuliratno Setiawan
Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Agriculture, Gadjah Mada University
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Yogyakarta
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Review
For citations:
Jalil A., Wirasatriya A., Malik A., Ramdani F., Rahmadi P., Harsono G., Setiawan R. Cenderawasih Hot Pool: The Frequent High Sea Surface Temperature Phenomena At Cenderawasih Bay, Papua. GEOGRAPHY, ENVIRONMENT, SUSTAINABILITY. 2023;16(2):77-83. https://doi.org/10.24057/2071-9388-2022-156
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