EUROPE WITHIN THE GLOBAL ECONOMIC REGIONALIZATION
Abstract
The economists have thoroughly studied the relations between economic globalization and the regionalization of international trade exchanges. Geographers have started studying the process of regionalization in the 1990s. Nevertheless, most of their studies are based on the row value of trade exchanges of goods. This indicator is quite useful but it suffers from major shortcomings. For instance, it is biased by the size of the economies involved in these exchanges. In order to display a more nuanced picture of globalization, it is necessary to combine it with another indicator: the bilateral intensity of trade exchanges. Both indicators are applied to Europe in order to see to which extent it is concerned by the regionalization of the global economy, especially since the end of the cold war and the end of the ideological blocs.
About the Author
Yann RichardFrance
Assistant Professor, Department of Geography, Université Paris 1 Panthéon Sorbonne, France, 191, rue Saint-Jacques, 75005 Paris
References
1. Anderson, J.E., van Wincoop, E. (2003) Gravity with Gravitas: A Solution to the Border Puzzle.
2. American Economic Review, Vol. 93, N 1, pp. 170–92.
3. Balassa, B. (1962) The Theory of Economic Integration. Londres: Allen & Unwin, 304 p.
4. Baldwin, R. (1997) The causes of Regionalism. The World Economy, Vol. 27, N 7,
5. pp. 865–888.
6. Banque mondiale (2009) World development Report, 2009. Reshaping Economic Geography.
7. Banque Mondiale, Washington DC, 432 p.
8. Beckouche, P. (2008) Le régionalisme Nord – Sud. Paris: Belin, 219 p.
9. Beckouche, P., Richard, Y. (2008) Atlas d’une nouvelle Europe. L’UE et ses voisins: vers une
10. région mondiale ? Paris: Autrement, 72 p.
11. Bhagwati, J. (1992) Regionalism versus Multilateralism. The World Economy, Vol. 15, N 5,
12. pp. 535–556.
13. Broadmann, H. (2005) From Disintegration to Reintegration. Eastern Europe and the
14. Former Soviet Union in International Trade. Washington: World Bank, 414 p.
15. Didelon, C., Grasland, C. et alii, 2007, Europe in the World, Espon Research Project n° 3.4.1,
16. volumes. Rapport rendu à la Commission des Communautés européennes, novembre
17. Site Internet du programme Espon (Luxembourg). Available from URL: www.espon.
18. eu
19. Dollfus, O. (2007) La mondialisation. Pari: Presse de Sciences Po, 175 p.
20. Drysdale, P., Garnaut, R. (1982) Trade Intensities and the Analysis of Bilateral Trade Flows in a
21. Many-Country World: A Survey. Hitotsubashi Journal of Economics, Vol. 22, N 2, pp. 62–84.
22. Frankel, J. A. (Ed.) (1998) The Regionalization of the World Economy. NBER, Chicago: The
23. University of Chicago Press, 285 p.
24. Frankel, J.A., Stein, E., Shang-jin, W. (1995) Trading blocs and the Americas: The natural,
25. the unnatural, and the super-natural. Journal of Development Economics, Vol. 47, N 1,
26. pp. 61–95.
27. Krugman, P. (1991) The move toward free trade zones, in Federal Reserve Bank of Kansas
28. City, Policy Implications of Trade and Currency Zones, Federal Reserve Bank, pp. 7–42.
29. Freudenberg, Gaulier, G., M., Ünal-Kensenci, D. (1998) La régionalisation du commerce international
30. : une évaluation par les intensités relatives bilatérales. CEPII, Working Papers, N 98–05.
31. Gaulier, G., Jean, S., Ünal-Kesenci, D. (2004) Regionalism and the Regionalisation of International
32. Trade. CEPII, Working Papers, n° 2004–11.
33. Jouen, M., Moutier, S., Welsch, K (2003) Cinq “ petites Europe”. Des flux commerciaux recomposés.
34. Le Courrier des Pays de l’Est, N 1039, pp. 54–62.
35. Lefilleur, J. (2005) Vers une régionalisation des échanges commerciaux en Europe centrale
36. et orientale ? Economie internationale, N 101, pp. 89–114.
37. Lévy, J. (2008) L’invention du Monde. Une géographie de la mondialisation. Paris: Les
38. Presses de Sciences Po, 403 p.
39. Light, M. (2006) La galaxie CEI, 1991–2006. Courrier des Pays de l’Est, N 1055,
40. pp 14–25.
41. Mashayeki, M., Ito, T. (Ed.) (2005) Multilateralism and Regionalism. The New Interface. New
42. York, Genéve: CNUCED, 192 p.
43. Maurel, M. (1998) Régionalisme et désintégration en Europe centrale et orientale. Paris:
44. Editions du CNRS, 231 p.
45. Mucchielli, J.-L. (2005) Relations économiques internationales. Paris: Hachette, 161 p.
46. Newfarmer, R. (2005) Global Economic Prospects 2005. Trade, regionalism and Development.
47. Washington DC: International Bank for Reconstruction and Development, World Bank, 151 p.
48. O’Loughlin, J., Anselin, L. (1996) Geo-economic Competition and trade-Bloc Formation:
49. United States, German and Japanese Exports, 1968–1992. Economic Geography, Vol. 72, N
50. , pp. 131–160.
51. O’Loughlin, J., Van der Wusten, H. (1990) The Political Geography of Panregions, Geographical
52. Review, N 80, pp. 1–20.
53. Poon, J. P. H., Thompson, E. R., Kelly, P. F. (2000) Myth of the Triad? The Geography and
54. Trade and Investments Blocs. Transactions of the Institute of the British Geographers, New
55. Series, N 4, pp. 427–444.
56. Rainelli, M. (2009) Le commerce international. Paris: La Découverte, 107 p.
57. Richard, Y., Tobelem Zanin, C. (2007) La Russie et l’Europe: une intégration économique
58. encore à venir ? Cybergéo. Revue européenne de géographie. Available from URL http://
59. www.cybergeo.eu/index11113.html
60. Sanders, L. (2001) Modéles en analyse spatiale, Paris: Hermés-Lavoisier, 333 p.
61. Siroёn, J.M. (2004) La régionalisation de l’économie mondiale. Paris: La Découverte, 123 p.
62. Stein, E., Wei, S.-J. (1996) Regional trading arrangements: Natural or supernatural? American
63. Economic Review, Vol. 86, N 2, pp. 52–56.
64. Taglioni, F., Théodat, J.M. (Ed.) (2008) Coopération et intégration. Perspectives panaméricaines.
65. Paris: L’Harmattan, collection “ Géographie et Cultures “, 275 p.
66. Taillard, C. (Ed.) (2004) Intégrations régionales en Asie orientale. Paris: Les Indes savantes, 495 p.
67. Viner, J. (1950) The Customs Union Issue. Carnegie Endowment for International Peace,
68. New York, 221 p.
69. Wilson, A.G. (1971) A family of spatial interaction models, and associated developments.
70. Environment and Planning, N 3, pp. 1–32.
71. Winters, A. L. (1999) Regionalism versus Multilateralism, in Richard E. Baldwin, Daniel Cohen,
72. André Sapir, Anthony Venables (Eds.) Market Integration, Regionalism and the Global
73. Economy, Cambridge, Centre for Economic Policy Research, Cambridge UP, pp. 7–52.
For citation:
Richard Y. EUROPE WITHIN THE GLOBAL ECONOMIC REGIONALIZATION. GEOGRAPHY, ENVIRONMENT, SUSTAINABILITY. 2010;3(4):74-93. https://doi.org/10.24057/2071-9388-2010-3-4-74-93
Views: 132
Email this article 