ECO-GEOGRAPHICAL APPROACH TO INVESTIGATION OF STABILITY OF CULTURAL LANDSCAPE
Abstract
Today in Russia, much attention is given to research and practical identification of the cultural landscape (CL) stability parameters that define its dependency on the character of the territorial land use. As a rule, these are projects of territorial and landscape planning (LP) aimed at assessment of stability of the CL depending on the conditions of the social and natural environment, on the level of changes of its components, and on the direct relation with the nature and the type of natural resources management. This approach defines most fully conditions and the level of impact on the landscape.
The paper discusses the main types of natural resource management of the CL. Residential areas are the most complex and multifunctional types of natural resource management. They are of the greatest interest to the research as an object of “co-creation of man and nature” [Sochava, 1978]. This is determined by an important role of residential areas with their infrastructure as a landscape reshaping element that influences the functioning and structure of the CL. Cities, suburbs and towns, as human environment, require a special attention in order to achieve an environmentally friendly and sustainable landscape.
In the concept of LP, much attention is given to assessment of the natural components of the CL. As a rule, assessment of soil, climate (atmosphere), water, and landscape sensitivity and significance is conducted [Drozdov, 2006]. The selection of assessment criteria varies depending on the natural resource management type. Obtained results are compared with parameters that are indicative for or specific to naturally occurring landscape. The crisis of environmental components makes LP the vitally necessary management instrument. The goals of landscape planning are broadly formulated—landscape planning should cover the entire territory of the country, should consider both natural and socio-economic factors, and should develop measures to prevent and control impacts on the landscape.
The paper discusses the main types of natural resource management of the CL. Residential areas are the most complex and multifunctional types of natural resource management. They are of the greatest interest to the research as an object of “co-creation of man and nature” [Sochava, 1978]. This is determined by an important role of residential areas with their infrastructure as a landscape reshaping element that influences the functioning and structure of the CL. Cities, suburbs and towns, as human environment, require a special attention in order to achieve an environmentally friendly and sustainable landscape.
In the concept of LP, much attention is given to assessment of the natural components of the CL. As a rule, assessment of soil, climate (atmosphere), water, and landscape sensitivity and significance is conducted [Drozdov, 2006]. The selection of assessment criteria varies depending on the natural resource management type. Obtained results are compared with parameters that are indicative for or specific to naturally occurring landscape. The crisis of environmental components makes LP the vitally necessary management instrument. The goals of landscape planning are broadly formulated—landscape planning should cover the entire territory of the country, should consider both natural and socio-economic factors, and should develop measures to prevent and control impacts on the landscape.
About the Authors
Elena GolubevaRussian Federation
Lomonosov Moscow State University, Faculty of Geography, Moscow, Russia
Corresponding author
Maria Ignatieva
Sweden
Division of Landscape Architecture, Department of Urban and Rural Development at Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences; PO Box 7012, SE-750 77 Uppsala, Sweden
Tatiana Korol
Russian Federation
Lomonosov Moscow State University, Faculty of Geography, Moscow, Russia
Valentina Toporina
Russian Federation
Lomonosov Moscow State University, Faculty of Geography, Moscow, Russia
References
1. Alvey, A.A. (2006). Promoting and preserving biodiversity in the urban forest. Urban Forestry
2. and Urban Greening. 5 (4). pp. 195–201.
3. Basalikas, A.B. (1977). Reflection of socio-economic and natural factors in functionallyoriented
4. anthropogenization of landscapes (using an example of Lithuania) // Proceedings
5. of the USSR Academy of Sci., Ser. Geogr. № 1. pp. 108–115 (in Russian).
6. Dramstad, W., Olson, J., Forman, R. (1996). Landscape. Ecology Principles. In: Landscape Architecture
7. and Land-use Planning. “Island Press”, Harvard University. 80 p.
8. Drozdov, A.V. (2006). Landscape planning with elements of engineering biology. M.:
9. “Association of Scientific Publications KMK”, 239 p. (in Russian).
10. Fedotov, V.I., Dvurechenskyi, V.N. (1977). Technogenic landscape, its content and structure //
11. Issues of Geography. № 106. pp. 65–73 (in Russian).
12. Glazovskaya, M.A. (1981). General soil science and soil geography. M.: “Vyshaya Shkola”,
13. p. (in Russian).
14. Gobster, P.H., Nassauer, J.I., Daniel, T.C., Fry, G. (2007). The shared landscape: What does
15. aesthetics have to do with ecology? Landscape Ecology. 22 (7). pp. 959–972.
16. Golovanov, A.I. Kozhanov, E.S., Sukharev, Yu. I. (2006). Landscape science. M.: “Kolos”. 215 p.
17. (in Russian).
18. Goroshina, T.K., Ignatieva, M.E. (2000). Botanical urban tours “State Scientific and Technical
19. Publishing House of Chemical Literature”, 160 p. (in Russian).
20. Ignatieva, M.E. (2011). The Gardens of the Old and the New Worlds. Tours of Landscape
21. Architecht. – SPB. “Iskusstvo”, (in Russian).
22. Isachenko, A.G. (1974). On the so-called anthropogenic landscapes. Proceedings of the
23. All-Union Geographical Society. Vol. 106, Issue 1, pp. 70–77 (in Russian).
24. Isachenko, A.G. (1980). Optimization of the natural environment (geographical aspect). –
25. M.: “Mysl”, 284 p. (in Russian).
26. Isachenko, T.E. (2003). Manors of the nobility and landscape: three centuries of interaction.
27. Herald of the SPB State University. Ser. Geogr. Issue 4 (№ 31). pp. 88–101 (in Russian).
28. Kalutskov, V.N. (2008). Landscape in cultural geography. M.: “Novyi Chronograph”, 320 p.
29. (in Russian).
30. Kazakov, L.K. (2008). Landscape science with the elements of landscape planning. M.:
31. “Academia”, 336 p. (in Russian).
32. Kolbovsky Eu.Yu. (2008). Landscape planning. M.: Publishing Center: “Academia”, 336 p.
33. (in Russian).
34. Ozhegov, S.S. (1993). The history of landscape architecture. M.: “Stroiizdat”, 234 p. (in Russian).
35. Runova, T.G. (1985). Sustainable resource use as an object of economic-geographic studies,
36. Proceedings of the USSR Academy of Sci. Ser. Geogr. № 2. pp. 46-58 (in Russian).
37. Runova, T.G., Volkova, I.N., Nefedova, T.G. (1993). Territorial organization of resource use.
38. M.: “Nauka”, 206 p. (in Russian).
39. Sochava, V.B. (1978). Basics of geosystem science. Novosibirsk, 320 p.
40. Sokolskaya, O.B. Teodoronsky, V.S., Vergunov, A.P. (2007). Landscape architecture: specialized
41. object. M.: Publishing Center: “Academia”, 224 p. (in Russian).
42. Solntsev, N.A. (2001). The science of landscape. Selected papers. M.: “MSU Press”, 383 p.
43. (in Russian).
44. Toporina, V.A. (2011). Landscape location typology of estates of Central Russia. Environment
45. of urbanized territories. № 1. pp. 60–66 (in Russian).
46. Vedenin, Yu. A., Kuleshova, M.E. (2004). Cultural landscapes as categories of heritage //
47. Cultural landscape as an object of heritage. M.- SPB., pp. 13–36 (in Russian).
48. Vedenin, Yu.A. (1997). Sketches on geography of art. SPB.: Dmitryi Bulanin, 224 p. (in Russian).
49. Vorontsov, A.I., Schetinsky, E.A., Nikodimov, I.D. (1989). Protection of the nature. M:
50. “Agropromizdat”, 303 p. (in Russian).
51. Yang, J., McBride, J., Zhou, J., Sun, Z. (2004). The urban forest in Beijing and its role in air
52. pollution reduction. Urban Forestry and Urban Greening. 3 (2). pp. 65–78.
53. Yaro Robert, Arendt Randall, Dodson Harry, Brabec Elizabeth (1988). Dealing with Change
54. in the Connecticut River Valley: A Design Manual for Conservation and Development.
55. Lincoln Institute of Land Policy, Cambridge, MA, 441 pp.
Review
For citations:
Golubeva E., Ignatieva M., Korol T., Toporina V. ECO-GEOGRAPHICAL APPROACH TO INVESTIGATION OF STABILITY OF CULTURAL LANDSCAPE. GEOGRAPHY, ENVIRONMENT, SUSTAINABILITY. 2012;5(4):63-83. https://doi.org/10.24057/2071-9388-2012-5-4-63-83
Views: 688
Email this article 