WARMER URBAN CLIMATES FOR DEVELOPMENT OF GREEN SPACES IN NORTHERN SIBERIAN CITIES
https://doi.org/10.24057/2071-9388-2016-9-4-17-23
Abstract
Modern human societies have accumulated considerable power to modify their environment and the earth’s system climate as the whole. The most significant environmental changes are found in the urbanized areas. This study considers coherent changes in vegetation productivity and land surface temperature (LST) around four northern West Siberian cities, namely, Tazovsky, Nadym, Noyabrsk and Megion. These cities are located in tundra, forest-tundra, northern taiga and middle taiga bioclimatic zones correspondingly. Our analysis of 15 years (2000–2014) Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) data revealed significantly (1.3 °C to 5.2 °C) warmer seasonally averaged LST within the urbanized territories than those of the surrounding landscapes. The magnitude of the urban LST anomaly corresponds to climates found 300–600 km to the South. In the climate change perspective, this magnitude corresponds to the expected regional warming by the middle or the end of the 21st century. Warmer urban climates, and specifically warmer upper soil layers, can support re-vegetation of the disturbed urban landscapes with more productive trees and tall shrubs. This afforestation is welcome by the migrant city population as it is more consistent with their traditional ecological knowledge. Survival of atypical, southern plant species encourages a number of initiatives and investment to introduce even broader spectrum of temperate blossoming trees and shrubs in urban landscapes. The unintended changes of the urban micro-climates in combination with knowledgeable urban planning could transform the Siberian pioneer settlements into places of belonging.
Keywords
Surface urban heat island (SUHI),
traditional ecological knowledge (TEK),
urban green spaces,
satellite data analysis,
MODIS,
NDVI,
Siberia
Supporting agencies: Belmont Forum, Norwegian Research Council grant HIARC, Centre for Climate Dynamics grant
About the Authors
Igor Esau
Nansen Environmental and Remote Sensing Center/Bjerknes Centre for Climate Research
Norway
Thormohlensgt. 47, 5006, Bergen
Norway
Thormohlensgt. 47, 5006, Bergen
Victoria Miles
Nansen Environmental and Remote Sensing Center/Bjerknes Centre for Climate Research
Norway
Thormohlensgt. 47, 5006, Bergen
Norway
Thormohlensgt. 47, 5006, Bergen
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Review
For citations:
Esau I., Miles V. WARMER URBAN CLIMATES FOR DEVELOPMENT OF GREEN SPACES IN NORTHERN SIBERIAN CITIES. GEOGRAPHY, ENVIRONMENT, SUSTAINABILITY. 2016;9(4):48-62. https://doi.org/10.24057/2071-9388-2016-9-4-17-23
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