gesjGEOGRAPHY, ENVIRONMENT, SUSTAINABILITYGEOGRAPHY, ENVIRONMENT, SUSTAINABILITY2071-93882542-1565Russian Geographical Society10.24057/2071-9388-2019-46gesj-915Research ArticleREGULAR ISSUELake Sevan Shoreline Change Assessment Using Multi-Temporal Landsat ImagesHovsepyanAzatuhi

GIS & Remote sensing department

Abovyan str. 68, Yerevan, 0025, Armenia

aza.hovsepyan@cens.amTepanosyanGaregin

GIS & Remote sensing department

Abovyan str. 68, Yerevan, 0025, Armenia

MuradyanVahagn

GIS & Remote sensing department

Abovyan str. 68, Yerevan, 0025, Armenia

AsmaryanShushanik

GIS & Remote sensing department

Abovyan str. 68, Yerevan, 0025, Armenia

MedvedevAndrey

Laboratory of Cartography

Staromonetny line 29, Moscow, 119017

KoshkarevAlexander

Laboratory of Cartography

Staromonetny line 29, Moscow, 119017

Center for Ecological – Noosphere Studies NAS RAArmeniaInstitute of Geography Russian Academy of SciencesRussian Federation201931122019124212229Copyright © Hovsepyan A., Tepanosyan G., Muradyan V., Asmaryan S., Medvedev A., Koshkarev A., 20192019Hovsepyan A., Tepanosyan G., Muradyan V., Asmaryan S., Medvedev A., Koshkarev A.Hovsepyan A., Tepanosyan G., Muradyan V., Asmaryan S., Medvedev A., Koshkarev A.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://ges.rgo.ru/jour/article/view/915

Shoreline changes are important indicators of natural and manmade impacts on inland waters and particularly lakes. Man-induced changes in Lake Sevan water level during the 20th century affected not only the ecological status of the Sevan water but also near-shore areas. This article considers a long-term study of changes in Lake Sevan shoreline that occurred between 1973 and 2015. The Normalized Difference Water Index (NDWI) was applied to delineate the Sevan shoreline changes according to periods of lake water fluctuation from multi-temporal Landsat images and Historical changes in shorelines were analyzed with help of the Digital Shoreline Analysis System (DSAS) toolbox. Data obtained from the analysis have indicated that changes in the lake shoreline that occurred in different periods are similar to those in the lake water balance. Areas with the greatest shoreline changes have comparatively flat relief, so in the result of the lake water level raise vast forested areas were submerged. This study shows that application of multi-temporal spatial imagery and GIS methods can provide valuable information on time-and-space changes in the Sevan shoreline. Such information is important for monitoring Lake Sevan shoreline and nearshore changes.

Multi-temporal Landsat imagesshoreline delineationshoreline changeLake SevanThis work was supported by the RA MES State Committee of Science and Russian Foundation for Basic Research (RF) in the frames of the joint research project SCS 18RF- 140 and RFBR 18-55-05015 Arm-a accordingly.ReferencesAgyemang, T. K., Schmieder, K., Heege, T., Heblinski, J., Sajadyan, H., Vardanyan, L., & Böcker, R. (2017). Reviewing Lake Sevan’s surface area using remote sensing & GIS techniques. SIL Proceedings, 1922-2010, 30(8), 1264–1266. https://doi.org/10.1080/03680770.2009.11923926Agyemang, T. K., Schmieder, K., Heege, T., Heblinski, J., Sajadyan, H., Vardanyan, L., & Böcker, R. (2017). Reviewing Lake Sevan’s surface area using remote sensing & GIS techniques. SIL Proceedings, 1922-2010, 30(8), 1264–1266. https://doi.org/10.1080/03680770.2009.11923926Aladin, N., Crétaux, J. F., Plotnikov, I. S., Kouraev, A. V., Smurov, A. O., Cazenave, A., … Papa, F. (2005). Modern hydro-biological state of the Small Aral sea. Environmetrics, 16(4), 375–392. https://doi.org/10.1002/env.709Aladin, N., Crétaux, J. F., Plotnikov, I. S., Kouraev, A. V., Smurov, A. O., Cazenave, A., … Papa, F. (2005). Modern hydro-biological state of the Small Aral sea. Environmetrics, 16(4), 375–392. https://doi.org/10.1002/env.709Alesheikh, A. A., Ghorbanali, A., & Nouri, N. (2007). Coastline change detection using remote sensing. International Journal of Environmental Science and Technology, 4(1), 61–66. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03325962Alesheikh, A. A., Ghorbanali, A., & Nouri, N. (2007). Coastline change detection using remote sensing. International Journal of Environmental Science and Technology, 4(1), 61–66. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03325962Babayan A., Hakobyan S., Jenderjyan K., Muradyan S., (2013). Lake Sevan: Experience and Lessons learned Brief. Experience and Lessons Learned Brief, 6, 347–362. Retrieved from http://www.ndr.mw:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/384Babayan A., Hakobyan S., Jenderjyan K., Muradyan S., (2013). Lake Sevan: Experience and Lessons learned Brief. Experience and Lessons Learned Brief, 6, 347–362. Retrieved from http://www.ndr.mw:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/384Babich D.B., Vinogradov N.N., Ivanov V.V., Korotaev V.N., Chalova E.R. (2015). DELTAS OF THE RIVERS RUNNING IN TO LAKES AND RESERVOIRS: MORPHOGENETIC TYPES AND RECENT DYNAMICS. Vestnik Moskovskogo Unviersiteta, Seriya Geografiya, 4, 18-26. (In Russian with English summary)Babich D.B., Vinogradov N.N., Ivanov V.V., Korotaev V.N., Chalova E.R. (2015). DELTAS OF THE RIVERS RUNNING IN TO LAKES AND RESERVOIRS: MORPHOGENETIC TYPES AND RECENT DYNAMICS. Vestnik Moskovskogo Unviersiteta, Seriya Geografiya, 4, 18-26. (In Russian with English summary)Baghdasaryan, A. B., Abrahamyan, S. B., & Aleksandryan, G. A. (1971). Physical geography of Armenian SSR. (A. Baghdasaryan (editor-in-chief), Ed.). Yerevan: AS ArmSSR.Baghdasaryan, A. B., Abrahamyan, S. B., & Aleksandryan, G. A. (1971). Physical geography of Armenian SSR. (A. Baghdasaryan (editor-in-chief), Ed.). Yerevan: AS ArmSSR.Bagli, S., Soille, P., & Fermi, E. (2004). Automatic delineation of shoreline and lake boundaries from Landsat satellite images. Proceedings of Initial ECO-IMAGINE GI and GIS for Integragted Coastal Management, (May), 13–16. Retrieved from http://www.gisig.it/eco-imagine/fullpapers/bagli-soille2004eipaper.pdfBagli, S., Soille, P., & Fermi, E. (2004). Automatic delineation of shoreline and lake boundaries from Landsat satellite images. Proceedings of Initial ECO-IMAGINE GI and GIS for Integragted Coastal Management, (May), 13–16. Retrieved from http://www.gisig.it/eco-imagine/fullpapers/bagli-soille2004eipaper.pdfBai, J., Chen, X., Li, J., Yang, L., & Fang, H. (2011). Changes in the area of inland lakes in arid regions of central Asia during the past 30 years. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, 178(1–4), 247–256. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10661-010-1686-yBai, J., Chen, X., Li, J., Yang, L., & Fang, H. (2011). Changes in the area of inland lakes in arid regions of central Asia during the past 30 years. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, 178(1–4), 247–256. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10661-010-1686-yBoak, E. H., & Turner, I. L. (2006). Shoreline Definition and Detection: A Review. Journal of Coastal Research, 214, 688–703. https://doi.org/10.2112/03-0071.1Boak, E. H., & Turner, I. L. (2006). Shoreline Definition and Detection: A Review. Journal of Coastal Research, 214, 688–703. https://doi.org/10.2112/03-0071.1Dokulil, M. T. (2014). Impact of climate warming on European inland waters. Inland Waters, 4(1), 27–40. https://doi.org/10.5268/IW-4.1.705Dokulil, M. T. (2014). Impact of climate warming on European inland waters. Inland Waters, 4(1), 27–40. https://doi.org/10.5268/IW-4.1.705Du, Z., Li, W., Zhou, D., Tian, L., Ling, F., Wang, H., … Sun, B. (2014). Analysis of Landsat-8 OLI imagery for land surface water mapping. Remote Sensing Letters, 5(7), 672–681. https:// doi.org/10.1080/2150704X.2014.960606Du, Z., Li, W., Zhou, D., Tian, L., Ling, F., Wang, H., … Sun, B. (2014). Analysis of Landsat-8 OLI imagery for land surface water mapping. Remote Sensing Letters, 5(7), 672–681. https:// doi.org/10.1080/2150704X.2014.960606Duru, U. (2017). Shoreline change assessment using multi-temporal satellite images : a case study of Lake Sapanca , NW Turkey. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10661-017-6112-2Duru, U. (2017). Shoreline change assessment using multi-temporal satellite images : a case study of Lake Sapanca , NW Turkey. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10661-017-6112-2El-asmar, H. M., Hereher, M. E., & Kafrawy, S. B. El. (2013). Surface area change detection of the Burullus Lagoon , North of the Nile Delta , Egypt , using water indices : A remote sensing approach. The Egyptian Journal of Remote Sensing and Space Sciences, 16(1), 119–123. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejrs.2013.04.004El-asmar, H. M., Hereher, M. E., & Kafrawy, S. B. El. (2013). Surface area change detection of the Burullus Lagoon , North of the Nile Delta , Egypt , using water indices : A remote sensing approach. The Egyptian Journal of Remote Sensing and Space Sciences, 16(1), 119–123. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejrs.2013.04.004Feyisa, G. L., Meilby, H., Fensholt, R., & Proud, S. R. (2014). Automated Water Extraction Index: A new technique for surface water mapping using Landsat imagery. Remote Sensing of Environment, 140(January), 23–35. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2013.08.029Feyisa, G. L., Meilby, H., Fensholt, R., & Proud, S. R. (2014). Automated Water Extraction Index: A new technique for surface water mapping using Landsat imagery. Remote Sensing of Environment, 140(January), 23–35. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2013.08.029Gutman, G., Huang, C., Chander, G., Noojipady, P., & Masek, J. G. (2013). Assessment of the NASA-USGS Global Land Survey (GLS) datasets. Remote Sensing of Environment, 134, 249– 265. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2013.02.026Gutman, G., Huang, C., Chander, G., Noojipady, P., & Masek, J. G. (2013). Assessment of the NASA-USGS Global Land Survey (GLS) datasets. Remote Sensing of Environment, 134, 249– 265. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2013.02.026Hydrological regime of Lake Sevan. (2017). Yerevan.Hydrological regime of Lake Sevan. (2017). Yerevan.Kireev, V. (1933). Materials on the investigation of Sevan its basin. (V. Davydov, Ed.). Leningrad.Kireev, V. (1933). Materials on the investigation of Sevan its basin. (V. Davydov, Ed.). Leningrad.Lake Sevan drainage basin planning project, Pub. L. No. 746-ủ (2013). Armenia.Lake Sevan drainage basin planning project, Pub. L. No. 746-ủ (2013). Armenia.Li, W., Du, Z., Ling, F., Zhou, D., Wang, H., Gui, Y., … Zhang, X. (2013). A comparison of land surface water mapping using the normalized difference water index from TM, ETM+ and ALI. Remote Sensing, 5(11), 5530–5549. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs5115530Li, W., Du, Z., Ling, F., Zhou, D., Wang, H., Gui, Y., … Zhang, X. (2013). A comparison of land surface water mapping using the normalized difference water index from TM, ETM+ and ALI. Remote Sensing, 5(11), 5530–5549. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs5115530McFeeters, S. K. (1996). The use of the Normalized Difference Water Index (NDWI) in the delineation of open water features. International Journal of Remote Sensing, 17(7), 1425– 1432. https://doi.org/10.1080/01431169608948714McFeeters, S. K. (1996). The use of the Normalized Difference Water Index (NDWI) in the delineation of open water features. International Journal of Remote Sensing, 17(7), 1425– 1432. https://doi.org/10.1080/01431169608948714Ministry of Nature Protection of the Republic of Armenia. (1998). First national communication of the Republic of Armenia under the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change.Ministry of Nature Protection of the Republic of Armenia. (1998). First national communication of the Republic of Armenia under the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change.Ogannesian R. (1994). Lake Sevan yesterday, today... Yerevan.Ogannesian R. (1994). Lake Sevan yesterday, today... Yerevan.Oyedotun, T. D. T. (2017). Historical Shoreline Changes as Indication of Geomorphic Phases in St Ives and Padstow Bays of Southwest England. Environmental Processes, 4(1), 273–282. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40710-017-0213-3Oyedotun, T. D. T. (2017). Historical Shoreline Changes as Indication of Geomorphic Phases in St Ives and Padstow Bays of Southwest England. Environmental Processes, 4(1), 273–282. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40710-017-0213-3Papikyan, S. (2011). Sevan Problem. Yerevan.Papikyan, S. (2011). Sevan Problem. Yerevan.Pavlov, D. S., Kopylov, A. I., Poddubny, S. A., Gabrielyan, B. K., Chilingaryan, L. A., Mnatsakanyan, B. P., … Krylov, A. V. (2010). Ecology of Lake Sevan during a raise of its level. The Results of Russian-Armenian Biological Expedition for Hydroecological Survey of Lake Sevan (Armenia) (2005–2009). (K. A. Pavlov D., Poddubniy S., Gabrielyan B., Ed.). Makhachkala.Pavlov, D. S., Kopylov, A. I., Poddubny, S. A., Gabrielyan, B. K., Chilingaryan, L. A., Mnatsakanyan, B. P., … Krylov, A. V. (2010). Ecology of Lake Sevan during a raise of its level. The Results of Russian-Armenian Biological Expedition for Hydroecological Survey of Lake Sevan (Armenia) (2005–2009). (K. A. Pavlov D., Poddubniy S., Gabrielyan B., Ed.). Makhachkala.Pekel, J.-F., Cottam, A., Gorelick, N., & Belward, A. S. (2016). High-resolution mapping of global surface water and its long-term changes. Nature, 540(7633), 418–422. https://doi.org/10.1038/nature20584Pekel, J.-F., Cottam, A., Gorelick, N., & Belward, A. S. (2016). High-resolution mapping of global surface water and its long-term changes. Nature, 540(7633), 418–422. https://doi.org/10.1038/nature20584Qiao, C., Luo, J., Sheng, Y., Shen, Z., Zhu, Z., & Ming, D. (2012). An Adaptive Water Extraction Method from Remote Sensing Image Based on NDWI. Journal of the Indian Society of Remote Sensing, 40(3), 421–433. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12524-011-0162-7Qiao, C., Luo, J., Sheng, Y., Shen, Z., Zhu, Z., & Ming, D. (2012). An Adaptive Water Extraction Method from Remote Sensing Image Based on NDWI. Journal of the Indian Society of Remote Sensing, 40(3), 421–433. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12524-011-0162-7Qiao, G., Mi, H., Wang, W., Tong, X., Li, Z., Li, T., … Hong, Y. (2018). 55-year (1960–2015) spatiotemporal shoreline change analysis using historical DISP and Landsat time series data in Shanghai. International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation, 68(February), 238–251. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jag.2018.02.009Qiao, G., Mi, H., Wang, W., Tong, X., Li, Z., Li, T., … Hong, Y. (2018). 55-year (1960–2015) spatiotemporal shoreline change analysis using historical DISP and Landsat time series data in Shanghai. International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation, 68(February), 238–251. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jag.2018.02.009Samanta, S., & Paul, S. K. (2016). Geospatial analysis of shoreline and land use/land cover changes through remote sensing and GIS techniques. Modeling Earth Systems and Environment, 2(3), 108. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40808-016-0180-0Samanta, S., & Paul, S. K. (2016). Geospatial analysis of shoreline and land use/land cover changes through remote sensing and GIS techniques. Modeling Earth Systems and Environment, 2(3), 108. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40808-016-0180-0The Digital Shoreline Analysis System (DSAS) Version 4.0 -An ArcGIS extension for calculating shoreline change. (2009).The Digital Shoreline Analysis System (DSAS) Version 4.0 -An ArcGIS extension for calculating shoreline change. (2009).Timoshkin, O. A., Samsonov, D. P., Yamamuro, M., Moore, M. V., Belykh, O. I., Malnik, V. V., … Bukshuk, N. A. (2016). Rapid ecological change in the coastal zone of Lake Baikal (East Siberia): Is the site of the world’s greatest freshwater biodiversity in danger? Journal of Great Lakes Research, 42(3), 487–497. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jglr.2016.02.011Timoshkin, O. A., Samsonov, D. P., Yamamuro, M., Moore, M. V., Belykh, O. I., Malnik, V. V., … Bukshuk, N. A. (2016). Rapid ecological change in the coastal zone of Lake Baikal (East Siberia): Is the site of the world’s greatest freshwater biodiversity in danger? Journal of Great Lakes Research, 42(3), 487–497. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jglr.2016.02.011USGS EROS. (2017). Landsat Collection 1 Level 1 Product Definition. Retrieved from https://landsat.usgs.gov/sites/default/files/documents/LSDS-1656_Landsat_Level-1_Product_Collection_Definition.pdfUSGS EROS. (2017). Landsat Collection 1 Level 1 Product Definition. Retrieved from https://landsat.usgs.gov/sites/default/files/documents/LSDS-1656_Landsat_Level-1_Product_Collection_Definition.pdfVogt, J., Soille, P., De Jager, A., Rimavičiūtė, E., Mehl, W., Foisneau, S., … Bamps, C. (2007). A pan-European river and catchment database. JRC Reference Reports. https://doi.org/10.2788/35907Vogt, J., Soille, P., De Jager, A., Rimavičiūtė, E., Mehl, W., Foisneau, S., … Bamps, C. (2007). A pan-European river and catchment database. JRC Reference Reports. https://doi.org/10.2788/35907Wulder, M. A., White, J. C., Loveland, T. R., Woodcock, C. E., Belward, A. S., Cohen, W. B., … Roy, D. P. (2016). Remote Sensing of Environment The global Landsat archive : Status , consolidation , and direction. Remote Sensing of Environment, 185, 271–283. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2015.11.032Wulder, M. A., White, J. C., Loveland, T. R., Woodcock, C. E., Belward, A. S., Cohen, W. B., … Roy, D. P. (2016). Remote Sensing of Environment The global Landsat archive : Status , consolidation , and direction. Remote Sensing of Environment, 185, 271–283. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2015.11.032Xu, H. (2006). Modification of normalised difference water index (NDWI) to enhance open water features in remotely sensed imagery. International Journal of Remote Sensing, 27(14), 3025–3033. https://doi.org/10.1080/01431160600589179Xu, H. (2006). Modification of normalised difference water index (NDWI) to enhance open water features in remotely sensed imagery. International Journal of Remote Sensing, 27(14), 3025–3033. https://doi.org/10.1080/01431160600589179USGS, (2019). USGS Landsat missions [online] Available at: https://landsat.usgs.gov [Accessed 22 January 2019]USGS, (2019). USGS Landsat missions [online] Available at: https://landsat.usgs.gov [Accessed 22 January 2019]

The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.