<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">gesj</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">GEOGRAPHY, ENVIRONMENT, SUSTAINABILITY</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>GEOGRAPHY, ENVIRONMENT, SUSTAINABILITY</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2071-9388</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2542-1565</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Russian Geographical Society</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.24057/2071-9388-2018-31</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">gesj-734</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>GEOGRAPHY</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>География</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Russian-Speaking Diaspora In Finland As A Public Diplomacy Tool</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title></trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Pitukhina</surname><given-names>Maria A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Budget Monitoring Center.</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Tolstoguzov</surname><given-names>Oleg V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Institute of Economy.</p><p>Petrozavodsk.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">olvito@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Chernyuk</surname><given-names>Irina</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff xml:lang="en" id="aff-1"><institution>Petrozavodsk State University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en" id="aff-2"><institution>Karelian Research Center of Russian Science Academy</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en" id="aff-3"><institution>Independent researcher, researcher at Institute of Baltic Studies in Finland (2010-2012)</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2019</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>04</day><month>07</month><year>2019</year></pub-date><volume>12</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>6</fpage><lpage>17</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Pitukhina M.A., Tolstoguzov O.V., Chernyuk I., 2019</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2019</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Pitukhina M.A., Tolstoguzov O.V., Chernyuk I.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Pitukhina M.A., Tolstoguzov O.V., Chernyuk I.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://ges.rgo.ru/jour/article/view/734">https://ges.rgo.ru/jour/article/view/734</self-uri><abstract><p>The article deals with complex studies of  the  Finnish case particularly migrants’ inclusion analysis into local cultural and political environments (as conditions to cultural and political environment stability) as well as public diplomacy impact evaluation of an important «soft power»  tool where migrants role is rather high. Authors scrutinize migrants’   interaction with  the  environment,   outline cause-and-effect   links of  this interaction, and unveil external factors that influence the respondents’ political behavior. The research  method is based upon interviews,  which result  in respondents’ typology development, political information channels were defined, and the influence of education and social inclusion upon political communication  was characterized. This method helps to perceive migrants’ integration policy at example of Finland, the fourth most attractive country  in the world in accordance  with the Migrant  Integration  Policy  Index.  Finnish experience could be highly useful for Russia in terms of both national migration policy development.   The resulting characteristics  of migrants’ political communication  might be of high interest in terms of migration policy regulation and understanding the issue of migration quotas, help to predict structural changes in society, also to provide the basis for making decisions on the effective use of public diplomacy tools.</p></abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>sustainable development</kwd><kwd>political communication</kwd><kwd>migration policy</kwd><kwd>integration policy</kwd><kwd>migrants’ survey</kwd><kwd>public diplomacy</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="en">Within the framework of the RAS Presidium program «No.I.53 on  fundamental scientific research within the framework of Fundamental  Scientific Research Program of State Academies of Sciences for 2013-2020 «as well as the RFBR project» Live, work or go? Youth-well-being and viability (post) of extractive Arctic industrial cities in Finland and Russia”</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Abashin S. (2012). Central Asian Migration: Practices, Local Communities, Transnationalism, Ethnographic Review, 4, pp. 3-13. (In Russian).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Abashin S. (2012). Central Asian Migration: Practices, Local Communities, Transnationalism, Ethnographic Review, 4, pp. 3-13. (In Russian).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Anohina N.V. and Malakanova O.A. (2001). Political communication. In: E.D. Meleskina, ed., Political process: main aspects and ways of analysis. Moscow: Infra-M., pp. 213-234. (In Russian).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Anohina N.V. and Malakanova O.A. (2001). Political communication. In: E.D. Meleskina, ed., Political process: main aspects and ways of analysis. Moscow: Infra-M., pp. 213-234. (In Russian).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Brednikova O. (2017). (Not) Return: Can Migrants Become Ex? Ethnographic review, 3, pp.32-47. (In Russian).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Brednikova O. (2017). (Not) Return: Can Migrants Become Ex? Ethnographic review, 3, pp.32-47. (In Russian).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Cidob.org (2018). Barcelona Center for International Affairs Official Website. [online] Available at: http://www.cidob.org/en/ [Accessed 6 Jun. 2018].</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Cidob.org (2018). Barcelona Center for International Affairs Official Website. [online] Available at: http://www.cidob.org/en/ [Accessed 6 Jun. 2018].</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Diligensky G.G. (1994). Social-political psychology. Moscow: Nauka. (In Russian). Ec.europa.eu (2013). Finland’s Future of Migration 2020 Strategy. [online] European Website on Integration. Available at: https://ec.europa.eu/migrant-integration/librarydoc/finland-future-of-migration-2020-strategy [Accessed 6 Junу 2018].</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Diligensky G.G. (1994). Social-political psychology. Moscow: Nauka. (In Russian). Ec.europa.eu (2013). Finland’s Future of Migration 2020 Strategy. [online] European Website on Integration. Available at: https://ec.europa.eu/migrant-integration/librarydoc/finland-future-of-migration-2020-strategy [Accessed 6 Junу 2018].</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Epp.eurostaec.europa.eu (2013). EUROSTAT Official Website. [online] Available at: http://epp.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/tgm/table.do?tab=table&amp;init=1&amp;language=en&amp;pcode=tps00024&amp;plugin=1 [Accessed 14 Dec. 2015].</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Epp.eurostaec.europa.eu (2013). EUROSTAT Official Website. [online] Available at: http://epp.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/tgm/table.do?tab=table&amp;init=1&amp;language=en&amp;pcode=tps00024&amp;plugin=1 [Accessed 14 Dec. 2015].</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">EuropeanSocialSurvey.org (2014). European Social Survey Official Website. [online] Available at: http://www.europeansocialsurvey.org/data/themes.html?t=immigration [Accessed 27 Jan. 2018].</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">EuropeanSocialSurvey.org (2014). European Social Survey Official Website. [online] Available at: http://www.europeansocialsurvey.org/data/themes.html?t=immigration [Accessed 27 Jan. 2018].</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Finlex.fi (2014). New Non-Discrimination Act entered into force. [online] Ministry of Justice of Finland Official Website. Available at: http://www.finlex.fi/fi/laki/kaannokset/2014/en20141325.pdf [Accessed 06. Jun. 2018].</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Finlex.fi (2014). New Non-Discrimination Act entered into force. [online] Ministry of Justice of Finland Official Website. Available at: http://www.finlex.fi/fi/laki/kaannokset/2014/en20141325.pdf [Accessed 06. Jun. 2018].</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Finlex.fi (2016). Election Act (714/1998; amendments up to 361/2016 included). [online] Ministry of Justice of Finland Official Website. Available at: http://www.finlex.fi/fi/laki/kaannokset/1998/en19980714.pdf [Accessed 27 Jan. 2018].</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Finlex.fi (2016). Election Act (714/1998; amendments up to 361/2016 included). [online] Ministry of Justice of Finland Official Website. Available at: http://www.finlex.fi/fi/laki/kaannokset/1998/en19980714.pdf [Accessed 27 Jan. 2018].</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Hillygus D. (2005). The Missing Link: Exploring the Relationship between Higher Education and Political Engagement. Political Behavior, 27 (1), pp. 25-47.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Hillygus D. (2005). The Missing Link: Exploring the Relationship between Higher Education and Political Engagement. Political Behavior, 27 (1), pp. 25-47.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kaiser M., Brednikova O. (2004). Transnationalism and translocality (comments on terminology), Migration and the national state, pp. 133-146. (In Russian).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kaiser M., Brednikova O. (2004). Transnationalism and translocality (comments on terminology), Migration and the national state, pp. 133-146. (In Russian).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kyhä H. (2011). Educated immigrants in employment markets. A study on higher educated immigrants’ employment opportunities and career starts in Finland. [online] Doria. Available at: https://www.doria.fi/handle/10024/72519 [Accessed 27 Jan. 2018].</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kyhä H. (2011). Educated immigrants in employment markets. A study on higher educated immigrants’ employment opportunities and career starts in Finland. [online] Doria. Available at: https://www.doria.fi/handle/10024/72519 [Accessed 27 Jan. 2018].</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Lee E. (1966). A Theoryof Migration, Demography, 3, pp. 47–57.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Lee E. (1966). A Theoryof Migration, Demography, 3, pp. 47–57.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Mukomel V. (2011). Migrant Integration: Challenges, Politics, Social Practices, The Russian World,1, pp. 34-50. (In Russian).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Mukomel V. (2011). Migrant Integration: Challenges, Politics, Social Practices, The Russian World,1, pp. 34-50. (In Russian).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Mipex.eu (2015). Migrant Integration Policy Index Official Website. [online] Available at: http://www.mipex.eu/ [Accessed 14 Dec. 2015].</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Mipex.eu (2015). Migrant Integration Policy Index Official Website. [online] Available at: http://www.mipex.eu/ [Accessed 14 Dec. 2015].</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Migpolgroup.com (2015). Migration Policy GroupOfficial Website. [online] Available at: http://www.migpolgroup.com/ [Accessed 14 Dec. 2015].</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Migpolgroup.com (2015). Migration Policy GroupOfficial Website. [online] Available at: http://www.migpolgroup.com/ [Accessed 14 Dec. 2015].</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit17"><label>17</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Mutz D. and Mondak J. (2006). The Workplace as a Context for Cross-Cutting Political Discourse. The Journal of Politics, 68 (1). pp. 140-155.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Mutz D. and Mondak J. (2006). The Workplace as a Context for Cross-Cutting Political Discourse. The Journal of Politics, 68 (1). pp. 140-155.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit18"><label>18</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Nye J. (1989). Interdependence and the changing international policy, World economy and International relations, 12, pp. 72-76. (In Russian).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Nye J. (1989). Interdependence and the changing international policy, World economy and International relations, 12, pp. 72-76. (In Russian).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit19"><label>19</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Oecd-ilibrary.org (2013). International Migration Outlook. [online] OECD Official Website. Available at: https://www.oecd-ilibrary.org/social-issues-migration-health/international-migration-outlook-2013_migr_outlook-2013-en [Accessed 6 Junу 2018].</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Oecd-ilibrary.org (2013). International Migration Outlook. [online] OECD Official Website. Available at: https://www.oecd-ilibrary.org/social-issues-migration-health/international-migration-outlook-2013_migr_outlook-2013-en [Accessed 6 Junу 2018].</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit20"><label>20</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Olshanskij D.V. (2001). Fundamentals of political psychology. Ekaterinburg: Delovaja kniga. (In Russian).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Olshanskij D.V. (2001). Fundamentals of political psychology. Ekaterinburg: Delovaja kniga. (In Russian).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit21"><label>21</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Panarin I.N. (2012). Media, propaganda and information wars. Moscow: Pokolenie. (In Russian).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Panarin I.N. (2012). Media, propaganda and information wars. Moscow: Pokolenie. (In Russian).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit22"><label>22</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Price V. and zaller J. (1993). Who Gets the News? Alternative Measures of News Reception and Their Implications for Research, Public Opinion Quarterly, 57 (2). pp. 133-164.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Price V. and zaller J. (1993). Who Gets the News? Alternative Measures of News Reception and Their Implications for Research, Public Opinion Quarterly, 57 (2). pp. 133-164.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit23"><label>23</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ravenstein E. (1889). The Laws of Migration: Second Paper, Journal of the Royal Statistical Society, 52, pp. 241–305.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ravenstein E. (1889). The Laws of Migration: Second Paper, Journal of the Royal Statistical Society, 52, pp. 241–305.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit24"><label>24</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Shestopal E.B. (2002). Psychology of power perceptions. Moscow: SP Mysl’. (In Russian). Solov’ev A. (2002). Political communication: to the issue of theoretical identification, Political studies, №3, pp. 5-18. (In Russian).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Shestopal E.B. (2002). Psychology of power perceptions. Moscow: SP Mysl’. (In Russian). Solov’ev A. (2002). Political communication: to the issue of theoretical identification, Political studies, №3, pp. 5-18. (In Russian).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit25"><label>25</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Sotirovic M. and McLeod J. (2001). Values, Communication Behavior, and Political Participation. Political Communication, 18 (3), pp. 273-300.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sotirovic M. and McLeod J. (2001). Values, Communication Behavior, and Political Participation. Political Communication, 18 (3), pp. 273-300.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit26"><label>26</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Stat.fi, 2013. Statistics Finland Official Website. [online] Available at: https://www.stat.fi/til/index_en.html [Accessed 14 Dec. 2015].</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Stat.fi, 2013. Statistics Finland Official Website. [online] Available at: https://www.stat.fi/til/index_en.html [Accessed 14 Dec. 2015].</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit27"><label>27</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Stouffer S. (1940).Intervening Opportunities: A Theory Relating Mobility and Distance, American Sociological Review, 5, pp. 845–867.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Stouffer S. (1940).Intervening Opportunities: A Theory Relating Mobility and Distance, American Sociological Review, 5, pp. 845–867.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit28"><label>28</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Timofeeva L.N. (2010). Power as political communication: materials of the methodological seminar. Moscow: Publishing House RAPS. (In Russian).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Timofeeva L.N. (2010). Power as political communication: materials of the methodological seminar. Moscow: Publishing House RAPS. (In Russian).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit29"><label>29</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Timofeeva L.N., ed. (2012). Political communicative theory: theory, methodology and practice. Moscow: Publishing House RAPS. (In Russian).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Timofeeva L.N., ed. (2012). Political communicative theory: theory, methodology and practice. Moscow: Publishing House RAPS. (In Russian).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit30"><label>30</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Varshaver E., Rocheva A. (2014). Migrant Communities in Moscow: mechanisms for the emergence, functioning and maintenance, UFO, 3 (127). (In Russian)</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Varshaver E., Rocheva A. (2014). Migrant Communities in Moscow: mechanisms for the emergence, functioning and maintenance, UFO, 3 (127). (In Russian)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit31"><label>31</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Un.org (2017). International Migration Report 2017. [online] United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division Official Website. Available at: http://www.un.org/en/development/desa/population/migration/publications/migrationreport/docs/MigrationReport2017.pdf [Accessed 6 Junу 2018].</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Un.org (2017). International Migration Report 2017. [online] United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division Official Website. Available at: http://www.un.org/en/development/desa/population/migration/publications/migrationreport/docs/MigrationReport2017.pdf [Accessed 6 Junу 2018].</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit32"><label>32</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Yurev A.I., Anisimova T.V. and Samushova I.A. (2005). Issues of psychological-political speech communications in contemporary Russia, Vestnik SPbGU, Series 6, №3, pp.121-129. (In Russian).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Yurev A.I., Anisimova T.V. and Samushova I.A. (2005). Issues of psychological-political speech communications in contemporary Russia, Vestnik SPbGU, Series 6, №3, pp.121-129. (In Russian).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit33"><label>33</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Zazaeva N.B. (2012). Political communications in contemporary Russia, Power, №7, pp. 63-66. (In Russian).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zazaeva N.B. (2012). Political communications in contemporary Russia, Power, №7, pp. 63-66. (In Russian).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit34"><label>34</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Zimichev A.M. (2010). Psychology of political struggle. Moscow: Lomonosov. (In Russian).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zimichev A.M. (2010). Psychology of political struggle. Moscow: Lomonosov. (In Russian).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
