gesjGEOGRAPHY, ENVIRONMENT, SUSTAINABILITYGEOGRAPHY, ENVIRONMENT, SUSTAINABILITY2071-93882542-1565Russian Geographical Society10.24057/2071-9388-2018-55gesj-660Research ArticleRESEARCH PAPERСтатьиVariability and Changes of the Growing Season Length and Frost Days Number in Russian sub-ArcticZveryaevI. I.

Igor I. Zveryaev

igorz@sail.msk.ruArkhipkinA. V.

Alexey V. Arkhipkin

Moscow

Shirshov Institute of Oceanology, Russian Academy of SciencesRussian Federation2019280320191211322Copyright © Zveryaev I.I., Arkhipkin A.V., 20192019Zveryaev I.I., Arkhipkin A.V.Zveryaev I.I., Arkhipkin A.V.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://ges.rgo.ru/jour/article/view/660

Observational data from the Russian sub-Arctic stations are used to investigate long-term variability of the growing season length (GSL) and the number of frost days (FD) in 1949-2013. Consistent with the global warming pattern we find a trend-like increase (decrease) of GSL (FD) which is evident since early 1970th of the last century. These trendlike changes are best pronounced at Western stations (i.e. in European Russia and western Siberia) and they are essentially smaller to the East. Although we find some significant links to regional teleconnections (such as Scandinavian, East Atlantic and West Pacific teleconnections), in general our results imply rather weak impact of large scale atmospheric dynamics on interannual variability of GSL and FD. Further analysis of correlations between GSL and FD on the one side and snow cover on the other side revealed generally stronger links to snow cover compared to teleconnections. However, revealed links to regional atmospheric teleconnections and snow cover are significantly impacted by the linear trends. In general, our results imply that compared to large scale atmospheric dynamics impacting interannual variability, snow cover (being a result of wintertime synoptic activity) plays a more important role in decadal-interdecadal variations of GSL and FD in Russian sub-Arctic, which may have some value regarding predictability of the summer climate in the region.

Growing seasonfrost dayssnow coverteleconnectionsnorthern Eurasiaclimate variability and changeRussian Science Foundation, grant 14-3700038; State Agreement, № 0149-2018-0001; Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation, project 14.b25.31.0026ReferencesAlexander L., zhang X., Peterson T.C., Caesar J., Gleason B. et al. (2006). Global observed changes in daily climate extremes of temperature and precipitation, J. Geophys. Res., 111, D05109, doi: 10.1029/2005JD006290.Alexander L., zhang X., Peterson T.C., Caesar J., Gleason B. et al. (2006). Global observed changes in daily climate extremes of temperature and precipitation, J. Geophys. Res., 111, D05109, doi: 10.1029/2005JD006290.Barnston A. and Livezey R. (1987). Classification, seasonality and persistence of low-frequency atmospheric circulation patterns, Mon. Weather Rev., 115, pp. 1083-1126.Barnston A. and Livezey R. (1987). Classification, seasonality and persistence of low-frequency atmospheric circulation patterns, Mon. Weather Rev., 115, pp. 1083-1126.Bartoly J. and Pongracz S. (2007). Regional analysis of extreme in worldwide temperature and precipitation indices for Carpathian Basin from 1946 to 2001. Global and Planetary Change, 57, pp. 83-95.Bartoly J. and Pongracz S. (2007). Regional analysis of extreme in worldwide temperature and precipitation indices for Carpathian Basin from 1946 to 2001. Global and Planetary Change, 57, pp. 83-95.Bendat J. and Piersol A. (1966). Measurement and Analysis of Random Data, John Wiley, Hoboken, N. J.Bendat J. and Piersol A. (1966). Measurement and Analysis of Random Data, John Wiley, Hoboken, N. J.Bindoff N., Stott P, AchutaRao K., Allen M., Gillett N. et al. (2013). Detection and Attribution of Climate Change: from Global to Regional. In: Climate Change 2013: The Physical Science Basis. Contribution of Working Group I to the Fifth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change [Stocker, T.F, Qin D., Plattner G.-K., Tignor M., Allen S.K., Boschung J., Nauels A., Xia Y., Bex V., and Midgley PM. (eds.)]. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, United Kingdom and New York, NY, USA.Bindoff N., Stott P, AchutaRao K., Allen M., Gillett N. et al. (2013). Detection and Attribution of Climate Change: from Global to Regional. In: Climate Change 2013: The Physical Science Basis. Contribution of Working Group I to the Fifth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change [Stocker, T.F, Qin D., Plattner G.-K., Tignor M., Allen S.K., Boschung J., Nauels A., Xia Y., Bex V., and Midgley PM. (eds.)]. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, United Kingdom and New York, NY, USA.Donat M., Alexander L., Yang H., Durre I., Vose R. et al. (2013). Global land-based datasets for monitoring climatic extremes, Bull. Amer. Met. Soc., 94, pp. 997-1006.Donat M., Alexander L., Yang H., Durre I., Vose R. et al. (2013). Global land-based datasets for monitoring climatic extremes, Bull. Amer. Met. Soc., 94, pp. 997-1006.Frich P, Alexander L., Della-Marta P, Gleason B., Haylock M. et al. (2002). Observed coherent changes in climatic extremes during the second half of the twentieth century, Clim. Res., 19, pp.193-212.Frich P, Alexander L., Della-Marta P, Gleason B., Haylock M. et al. (2002). Observed coherent changes in climatic extremes during the second half of the twentieth century, Clim. Res., 19, pp.193-212.Horton E., Folland C. and Parker D. (2001). The changing incidence of extremes in worldwide and Central England temperatures to the end of the twentieth century, Climatic Change, 50, pp. 267-295.Horton E., Folland C. and Parker D. (2001). The changing incidence of extremes in worldwide and Central England temperatures to the end of the twentieth century, Climatic Change, 50, pp. 267-295.IPCC (2013). Summary for Policymakers. In: Climate Change 2013: The Physical Science Basis. Contribution of Working Group I to the Fifth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change [Stocker, T.F., Qin D., Plattner G.-K., Tignor M., Allen S.K., Boschung J., Nauels A., Xia Y., Bex V., and Midgley P.M. (eds.)]. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, United Kingdom and New York, NY, USA.IPCC (2013). Summary for Policymakers. In: Climate Change 2013: The Physical Science Basis. Contribution of Working Group I to the Fifth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change [Stocker, T.F., Qin D., Plattner G.-K., Tignor M., Allen S.K., Boschung J., Nauels A., Xia Y., Bex V., and Midgley P.M. (eds.)]. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, United Kingdom and New York, NY, USA.Kunkel K., Easterling D., Hubbard K., and Redmond K. (2004). Temporal variations in frost-free season in the United States 1895-2000. Geophys Res Lett., 31, L03201, doi: 10.1029/2003GL018624.Kunkel K., Easterling D., Hubbard K., and Redmond K. (2004). Temporal variations in frost-free season in the United States 1895-2000. Geophys Res Lett., 31, L03201, doi: 10.1029/2003GL018624.Linderholm H. (2006). Growing season changes in the last century, Agricultural and forest meteorology, 137, pp.1-14.Linderholm H. (2006). Growing season changes in the last century, Agricultural and forest meteorology, 137, pp.1-14.Myneni R., Keeling C., Tucker C., Asrar G., and Nemani R. (1997). Increased plant growth in the northern high latitudes from 1981 to 1991, Nature, 386, pp. 698-702.Myneni R., Keeling C., Tucker C., Asrar G., and Nemani R. (1997). Increased plant growth in the northern high latitudes from 1981 to 1991, Nature, 386, pp. 698-702.Song Y, Linderholm H., Chen D., and Walther A. (2010) Trends of the thermal growing season in China, 1951-2007. Int. J. Climatol., 30, pp. 33-43.Song Y, Linderholm H., Chen D., and Walther A. (2010) Trends of the thermal growing season in China, 1951-2007. Int. J. Climatol., 30, pp. 33-43.Takala M., Luojus K., Pulliainen J., Derksen C., Lemmetyinen J. et al. (2011). Estimating Northern Hemisphere snow water equivalent for climate research through assimilation of space-borne radiometer data and ground-based observations, Remote Sens. Environ., 115, pp. 3517-3529.Takala M., Luojus K., Pulliainen J., Derksen C., Lemmetyinen J. et al. (2011). Estimating Northern Hemisphere snow water equivalent for climate research through assimilation of space-borne radiometer data and ground-based observations, Remote Sens. Environ., 115, pp. 3517-3529.Wilks D. (1995). Statistical Methods in the Atmospheric Sciences. Academic Press, San Diego, CA, USA.Wilks D. (1995). Statistical Methods in the Atmospheric Sciences. Academic Press, San Diego, CA, USA.Zhang X., Alexander L., Hegerl G., Jones P, Tank A. et al. (2011). Indices for monitoring changes in extremes based on daily temperature and precipitation data, WIREs Clim. Change 2011, doi: 10.1002/wcc.147.Zhang X., Alexander L., Hegerl G., Jones P, Tank A. et al. (2011). Indices for monitoring changes in extremes based on daily temperature and precipitation data, WIREs Clim. Change 2011, doi: 10.1002/wcc.147.

The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.