gesjGEOGRAPHY, ENVIRONMENT, SUSTAINABILITYGEOGRAPHY, ENVIRONMENT, SUSTAINABILITY2071-93882542-1565Russian Geographical Society10.24057/2071-9388-2023-3122gesj-3326Research ArticleRESEARCH PAPERСтатьиNumerical Hydrodynamic Modelling As A Tool For Research And Use Of Tidal RiversPanchenkoEvgeniya D.

Gubkina str., 3, 117971, Moscow

Leninskie Gory, 1, 119991, Moscow

panchenko.zhe@gmail.comAlabyanAndrei M.

Leninskie Gory, 1, 119991, Moscow

Gubkina str., 3, 117971, Moscow

FedorovaTatiana A.

Gubkina str., 3, 117971, Moscow

Water Problems Institute of RAS; Lomonosov Moscow State UniversityRussian FederationLomonosov Moscow State University; Water Problems Institute of RASRussian FederationWater Problems Institute of RASRussian Federation2024030420241713643Copyright © Panchenko E.D., Alabyan A.M., Fedorova T.A., 20242024Panchenko E.D., Alabyan A.M., Fedorova T.A.Panchenko E.D., Alabyan A.M., Fedorova T.A.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://ges.rgo.ru/jour/article/view/3326

Tidal estuaries play a crucial role, serving as major hubs for economic activities while also contributing to the preservation of natural diversity and bioproductivity. In Russia, these estuaries are primarily located in remote regions of the European North and the Far East, making them vital for energy and transportation usage as they essentially form the ‘cores’ of territorial development along the Northern Sea Route.

 To facilitate the development of energy and navigation infrastructure in tidal estuaries, as well as to plan and implement environmental protection measures, it is essential to have a comprehensive understanding of their hydrological regime. Unlike regular river flow, tidal estuaries exhibit more complex hydrodynamics, influenced by both river and marine factors. Due to the considerable challenges of conducting field hydrological studies in remote areas, numerical hydrodynamic modelling has emerged as a valuable method for obtaining information on the flow and water level regime in tidal estuaries. This paper presents an application of one-dimensional HEC-RAS and two-dimensional STREAM_2D CUDA numerical models to investigate the parameters of reverse currents in the hypertidal Syomzha estuary flowing into the Mezen Bay of the White Sea. The limitations and accuracy of the models are discussed, along with the potential for their improvement considering recent advancements in understanding the hydraulics of reverse currents.

tidal estuaryreverse currentenergy potentialmathematical modelWhite SeaSyomzha riverThe authors are grateful to the participants of fieldwork – N.A. Demidenko, M. Leummens, L. Leummens, A. Popryadukhin, E. Fingert.ReferencesAbreu С., Barros M., Brito D., Teixeira M., Cunha A. (2020). Hydrodynamic Modeling and Simulation of Water Residence Time in the Estuary of the Lower Amazon River. Water, 12(3), 660, DOI:10.3390/w12030660.Abreu С., Barros M., Brito D., Teixeira M., Cunha A. (2020). Hydrodynamic Modeling and Simulation of Water Residence Time in the Estuary of the Lower Amazon River. Water, 12(3), 660, DOI:10.3390/w12030660.Alabyan A., Panchenko E., Alekseeva A. (2018). Hydrodynamic features of small tidal estuaries of the White Sea basin // Vestnik Moskovskogo Universiteta, Seria 5 Geographia, 4, 39–48. (in Russian with English summary).Alabyan A., Panchenko E., Alekseeva A. (2018). Hydrodynamic features of small tidal estuaries of the White Sea basin // Vestnik Moskovskogo Universiteta, Seria 5 Geographia, 4, 39–48. (in Russian with English summary).Alabyan A., Krylenko I., Lebedeva S., Panchenko E. (2022). World experience in numerical simulation of flow dynamics at river mouths. Water Resources, 49 (5), 766–780. DOI: 10.1134/S0097807822050025.Alabyan A., Krylenko I., Lebedeva S., Panchenko E. (2022). World experience in numerical simulation of flow dynamics at river mouths. Water Resources, 49 (5), 766–780. DOI: 10.1134/S0097807822050025.Aleksyuk A., Belikov V. (2017). Simulation of shallow water flows with shoaling areas and bottom discontinuities. Computational Mathematics and Mathematical Physics, 57 (2), 318–339, DOI: 10.1134/S0965542517020026.Aleksyuk A., Belikov V. (2017). Simulation of shallow water flows with shoaling areas and bottom discontinuities. Computational Mathematics and Mathematical Physics, 57 (2), 318–339, DOI: 10.1134/S0965542517020026.Aleksyuk A., Belikov V. (2017). STREAM 2D CUDA program complex for calculation of currents, bottom deformations and pollution transport in open streams using CUDA technology (on NVIDIA GPUs). Software Registration Certificate No. 2017660266. (in Russian).Aleksyuk A., Belikov V. (2017). STREAM 2D CUDA program complex for calculation of currents, bottom deformations and pollution transport in open streams using CUDA technology (on NVIDIA GPUs). Software Registration Certificate No. 2017660266. (in Russian).Anh D., Hoang L., Bui M., Rutschmann P. (2018). Simulating Future Flows and Salinity Intrusion Using Combined One- and TwoDimensional Hydrodynamic Modelling—The Case of Hau River, Vietnamese Mekong Delta. Water, 10(7), 897, DOI:10.3390/w10070897.Anh D., Hoang L., Bui M., Rutschmann P. (2018). Simulating Future Flows and Salinity Intrusion Using Combined One- and TwoDimensional Hydrodynamic Modelling—The Case of Hau River, Vietnamese Mekong Delta. Water, 10(7), 897, DOI:10.3390/w10070897.Brunner G. (2016). HEC-RAS River Analysis System User’s Manual. Version 5.0. US Army Corps of Engineers, Institute for Water Resources, Hydrologic Engineering Center, Davis, CA, USA. 960 p.Brunner G. (2016). HEC-RAS River Analysis System User’s Manual. Version 5.0. US Army Corps of Engineers, Institute for Water Resources, Hydrologic Engineering Center, Davis, CA, USA. 960 p.Chen W., Chen K., Kuang C., Zhu D., He L., Mao X., Liang H., Song H. (2016). Influence of sea level rise on saline water intrusion in the Yangtze River Estuary, China. Applied Ocean Research, 54, 12–25, DOI: 10.1016/j.apor.2015.11.002.Chen W., Chen K., Kuang C., Zhu D., He L., Mao X., Liang H., Song H. (2016). Influence of sea level rise on saline water intrusion in the Yangtze River Estuary, China. Applied Ocean Research, 54, 12–25, DOI: 10.1016/j.apor.2015.11.002.Hoitink A., Jay D. (2016). Tidal river dynamics: Implications for deltas. Rev. Geophys., 54, 240–272, DOI:10.1002/2015RG000507.Hoitink A., Jay D. (2016). Tidal river dynamics: Implications for deltas. Rev. Geophys., 54, 240–272, DOI:10.1002/2015RG000507.Iglesias I., Bio A., Melo W., Avilez-Valente P., Pinho J., Cruz M., Gomes A., Vieira J., Bastos L., Veloso-Gomes F. (2022). Hydrodynamic Model Ensembles for Climate Change Projections in Estuarine Regions. Water, 14, 1966, DOI: 10.3390/w14121966.Iglesias I., Bio A., Melo W., Avilez-Valente P., Pinho J., Cruz M., Gomes A., Vieira J., Bastos L., Veloso-Gomes F. (2022). Hydrodynamic Model Ensembles for Climate Change Projections in Estuarine Regions. Water, 14, 1966, DOI: 10.3390/w14121966.Jiang A., Ranasinghe R., Cowell P. (2013). Contemporary hydrodynamics and morphological change of a microtidal estuary: a numerical modelling study. Ocean Dynamics, 63(1), 21–41, DOI:10.1007/s10236-012-0583-z.Jiang A., Ranasinghe R., Cowell P. (2013). Contemporary hydrodynamics and morphological change of a microtidal estuary: a numerical modelling study. Ocean Dynamics, 63(1), 21–41, DOI:10.1007/s10236-012-0583-z.Jouanneau N., Sentchev A., Dumas F. (2013). Numerical modelling of circulation and dispersion processes in Boulogne-sur-Mer harbour (Eastern English Channel): Sensitivity to physical forcing and harbour design. Deutsche Hydrographische Zeitschrift, 63 (11–12), 321–1340, DOI:10.1007/s10236-013-0659-4.Jouanneau N., Sentchev A., Dumas F. (2013). Numerical modelling of circulation and dispersion processes in Boulogne-sur-Mer harbour (Eastern English Channel): Sensitivity to physical forcing and harbour design. Deutsche Hydrographische Zeitschrift, 63 (11–12), 321–1340, DOI:10.1007/s10236-013-0659-4.Khanarmuei M., Suara K., Sumihar J., Brown R.J. (2020). Hydrodynamic modelling and model sensitivities to bed roughness and bathymetry offset in a micro-tidal estuary. Journal of Hydroinformatics, 22 (6), 1536–1553, DOI:10.2166/hydro.2020.102.Khanarmuei M., Suara K., Sumihar J., Brown R.J. (2020). Hydrodynamic modelling and model sensitivities to bed roughness and bathymetry offset in a micro-tidal estuary. Journal of Hydroinformatics, 22 (6), 1536–1553, DOI:10.2166/hydro.2020.102.Khare V., Khare C., Nema S., Baredar P. (2019). Tidal Energy Systems. Design, Optimization and Control. Elsevier. DOI: 10.1016/C2017-002279-6.Khare V., Khare C., Nema S., Baredar P. (2019). Tidal Energy Systems. Design, Optimization and Control. Elsevier. DOI: 10.1016/C2017-002279-6.Lyddon C., Brown J., Leonardi N., Plater A. (2018). Flood Hazard Assessment for a Hyper-Tidal Estuary as a Function of Tide-SurgeMorphology Interaction. Estuaries and Coasts, 41, 1565–1586, DOI:10.1007/s12237-018-0384-9.Lyddon C., Brown J., Leonardi N., Plater A. (2018). Flood Hazard Assessment for a Hyper-Tidal Estuary as a Function of Tide-SurgeMorphology Interaction. Estuaries and Coasts, 41, 1565–1586, DOI:10.1007/s12237-018-0384-9.Matte, P., Secretan, Y., Morin, J. (2017). Hydrodynamic modeling of the St. Lawrence fluvial estuary. I: model setup, calibration, and validation. Journal of Waterway, Port, Coastal, and Ocean Engineering, 143 (5), DOI:10.1061/(ASCE)WW.1943-5460.0000397.Matte, P., Secretan, Y., Morin, J. (2017). Hydrodynamic modeling of the St. Lawrence fluvial estuary. I: model setup, calibration, and validation. Journal of Waterway, Port, Coastal, and Ocean Engineering, 143 (5), DOI:10.1061/(ASCE)WW.1943-5460.0000397.Miskevich I., Alabyan A., Korobov V., Demidenko N., Popryadukhin A. (2018). Short-term variability of hydrological and hydrochemical characteristics of the Kyanda estuary in Onega bay, the White sea (July 28–August 15). Oceanology, 58(3), 350–353, DOI: 10.1134/S000143701803013X.Miskevich I., Alabyan A., Korobov V., Demidenko N., Popryadukhin A. (2018). Short-term variability of hydrological and hydrochemical characteristics of the Kyanda estuary in Onega bay, the White sea (July 28–August 15). Oceanology, 58(3), 350–353, DOI: 10.1134/S000143701803013X.Miskevich I., Korobov V., Alabyan A. (2018). Specificity of engineering-ecological surveys in small tidal estuaries of the western sector of the Russian Arctic. Engineering Survey, 12 (3-4), 50–61, DOI: 10.25296/1997-8650-2018-12-3-4-50-61(in Russian with English summary)Miskevich I., Korobov V., Alabyan A. (2018). Specificity of engineering-ecological surveys in small tidal estuaries of the western sector of the Russian Arctic. Engineering Survey, 12 (3-4), 50–61, DOI: 10.25296/1997-8650-2018-12-3-4-50-61(in Russian with English summary)McDowell D., O’Connor B. (1977). Hydraulic behavior of estuaries. London: Macmillan Press.McDowell D., O’Connor B. (1977). Hydraulic behavior of estuaries. London: Macmillan Press.Mikhailov V. (1971). Flow and channel dynamics in non-tidal river mouths. Moscow: Gidrometeoizdat. (in Russian)Mikhailov V. (1971). Flow and channel dynamics in non-tidal river mouths. Moscow: Gidrometeoizdat. (in Russian)Mills L., Janeiro J., Martins F. (2021). Effects of sea level rise on salinity and tidal flooding patterns in the Guadiana Estuary. Journal of Water and Climate Change, 12 (7), 2933–2947, DOI: 10.2166/wcc.2021.202.Mills L., Janeiro J., Martins F. (2021). Effects of sea level rise on salinity and tidal flooding patterns in the Guadiana Estuary. Journal of Water and Climate Change, 12 (7), 2933–2947, DOI: 10.2166/wcc.2021.202.Mohammadian A., Morse B., Robert J.-L. (2022). Calibration of a 3D hydrodynamic model for a hypertidal estuary with complex irregular bathymetry using adaptive parametrization of bottom roughness and eddy viscosity. Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science, 265, 107655, DOI: 10.1016/j.ecss.2021.107655.Mohammadian A., Morse B., Robert J.-L. (2022). Calibration of a 3D hydrodynamic model for a hypertidal estuary with complex irregular bathymetry using adaptive parametrization of bottom roughness and eddy viscosity. Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science, 265, 107655, DOI: 10.1016/j.ecss.2021.107655.Neill S., Reza Hashemi M. (2018). Fundamentals of Ocean Renewable Energy: Generating Electricity from the Sea. London: Academic Press. DOI: 10.1016/C2016-0-00230-9.Neill S., Reza Hashemi M. (2018). Fundamentals of Ocean Renewable Energy: Generating Electricity from the Sea. London: Academic Press. DOI: 10.1016/C2016-0-00230-9.Panchenko E., Alabyan A., Demidenko N., Leummens M., Leummens L. (2020). Data from the research on hydrodynamic characteristics of the macrotidal estuary of the Semzha River (White Sea basin). Version 1, 4TU.ResearchData, dataset. DOI:10.4121/uuid:890d12be-ddc942dc-a889-752783670136.Panchenko E., Alabyan A., Demidenko N., Leummens M., Leummens L. (2020). Data from the research on hydrodynamic characteristics of the macrotidal estuary of the Semzha River (White Sea basin). Version 1, 4TU.ResearchData, dataset. DOI:10.4121/uuid:890d12be-ddc942dc-a889-752783670136.Panchenko E., Alabyan A., Krylenko I., Lebedeva S. (2020). Modelling of hydrodynamic processes in the Onega and the Northern Dvina river mouths under different climate change scenarios. Proc. IX International Scientific and Practical Conference «Marine Research and Education (MARESEDU-2020)», 2, 72–75. (in Russian)Panchenko E., Alabyan A., Krylenko I., Lebedeva S. (2020). Modelling of hydrodynamic processes in the Onega and the Northern Dvina river mouths under different climate change scenarios. Proc. IX International Scientific and Practical Conference «Marine Research and Education (MARESEDU-2020)», 2, 72–75. (in Russian)Panchenko E., Leummens M., Lebedeva S. (2020). Hydrodynamic modelling of the Onega river tidal estuary. E3S Web Conferences, 163, DOI: 10.1051/e3sconf/202016301008.Panchenko E., Leummens M., Lebedeva S. (2020). Hydrodynamic modelling of the Onega river tidal estuary. E3S Web Conferences, 163, DOI: 10.1051/e3sconf/202016301008.Panchenko E., Alabyan A. (2022). Friction factor evaluation in tidal rivers and estuaries. METHODSX, 9, 101669, DOI:10.1016/j.mex.2022.101669.Panchenko E., Alabyan A. (2022). Friction factor evaluation in tidal rivers and estuaries. METHODSX, 9, 101669, DOI:10.1016/j.mex.2022.101669.Panchenko E. (2023). Experience of one-dimensional hydrodynamic modeling in micro-, meso- and macrotidal estuaries of small rivers. Collection of articles on the materials of the XIII seminar of young scientists of universities, united by the council on the problem of erosion, channel and estuarine processes. Moscow: Your format. 94–100. (in Russian).Panchenko E. (2023). Experience of one-dimensional hydrodynamic modeling in micro-, meso- and macrotidal estuaries of small rivers. Collection of articles on the materials of the XIII seminar of young scientists of universities, united by the council on the problem of erosion, channel and estuarine processes. Moscow: Your format. 94–100. (in Russian).Rahbani M. (2015). A comparison between the suspended sediment concentrations derived from DELFT3D model and collected using transmissometer – a case study in tidally dominated area of Dithmarschen Bight. Oceanologia, 57, 44–49, DOI:10.1016/j.oceano.2014.06.002.Rahbani M. (2015). A comparison between the suspended sediment concentrations derived from DELFT3D model and collected using transmissometer – a case study in tidally dominated area of Dithmarschen Bight. Oceanologia, 57, 44–49, DOI:10.1016/j.oceano.2014.06.002.Rtimi R., Sottolichio A., Tassi P. (2021). Hydrodynamics of a hyper-tidal estuary influenced by the world’s second largest tidal power station (Rance estuary, France). Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science, 250, 19, DOI: 10.1016/j.ecss.2020.107143.Rtimi R., Sottolichio A., Tassi P. (2021). Hydrodynamics of a hyper-tidal estuary influenced by the world’s second largest tidal power station (Rance estuary, France). Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science, 250, 19, DOI: 10.1016/j.ecss.2020.107143.Samarasinghe J., Basnayaka V., Gunathilake M., Azamathulla H., Rathnayake U. (2022). Comparing Combined 1D/2D and 2D Hydraulic Simulations Using High-Resolution Topographic Data: Examples from Sri Lanka—Lower Kelani River Basin. Hydrology, 9 (2), 39, DOI: 10.3390/hydrology9020039.Samarasinghe J., Basnayaka V., Gunathilake M., Azamathulla H., Rathnayake U. (2022). Comparing Combined 1D/2D and 2D Hydraulic Simulations Using High-Resolution Topographic Data: Examples from Sri Lanka—Lower Kelani River Basin. Hydrology, 9 (2), 39, DOI: 10.3390/hydrology9020039.Savenije H. (2012). Salinity and tides in alluvial estuaries. 2nd completely revised ed. Delft: Delft University of Technology.Savenije H. (2012). Salinity and tides in alluvial estuaries. 2nd completely revised ed. Delft: Delft University of Technology.Veerapaga N., Azhikodan G., Shintani T., Iwamoto N., Yokoyama K. (2019). A three-dimensional environmental hydrodynamic model, Fantom-Refined: Validation and application for saltwater intrusion in a meso-macrotidal estuary. Ocean Modelling, 141, DOI: 10.1016/j.ocemod.2019.101425.Veerapaga N., Azhikodan G., Shintani T., Iwamoto N., Yokoyama K. (2019). A three-dimensional environmental hydrodynamic model, Fantom-Refined: Validation and application for saltwater intrusion in a meso-macrotidal estuary. Ocean Modelling, 141, DOI: 10.1016/j.ocemod.2019.101425.Ward, P., Couasnon A., Eilander D., Haigh I., Hendry A., Muis S., Veldkamp T., Winsemius H., Wahl T. (2018). Dependence between high sealevel and high river discharge increases flood hazard in global deltas and estuaries. Environ. Res. Lett. 13, 084012, DOI: 10.1088/1748-9326/aad400.Ward, P., Couasnon A., Eilander D., Haigh I., Hendry A., Muis S., Veldkamp T., Winsemius H., Wahl T. (2018). Dependence between high sealevel and high river discharge increases flood hazard in global deltas and estuaries. Environ. Res. Lett. 13, 084012, DOI: 10.1088/1748-9326/aad400.Yin Y., Karunarathna H., Reeve D. (2019). Numerical modelling of hydrodynamic and morphodynamic response of a meso-tidal estuary inlet to the impacts of global climate variabilities. Marine Geology, 407, 229–247, DOI: 10.1016/j.margeo.2018.11.005.Yin Y., Karunarathna H., Reeve D. (2019). Numerical modelling of hydrodynamic and morphodynamic response of a meso-tidal estuary inlet to the impacts of global climate variabilities. Marine Geology, 407, 229–247, DOI: 10.1016/j.margeo.2018.11.005.Zheng P., Li M., Wang C., Wolf J., Chen X., De Dominicis M., Yao P., Hu Z. (2020). Tide-Surge Interaction in the Pearl River Estuary: A Case Study of Typhoon Hato. Frontiers in Marine Science, 7, DOI:10.3389/fmars.2020.00236.Zheng P., Li M., Wang C., Wolf J., Chen X., De Dominicis M., Yao P., Hu Z. (2020). Tide-Surge Interaction in the Pearl River Estuary: A Case Study of Typhoon Hato. Frontiers in Marine Science, 7, DOI:10.3389/fmars.2020.00236.

The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.