<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">gesj</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">GEOGRAPHY, ENVIRONMENT, SUSTAINABILITY</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>GEOGRAPHY, ENVIRONMENT, SUSTAINABILITY</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2071-9388</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2542-1565</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Russian Geographical Society</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.24057/2071-9388-2010-3-1-25-43</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">gesj-263</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>GEOGRAPHY</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>География</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>LONG-TERM FLUCTUATIONS OF NORTHERN HEMISPHERE ATMOSPHERIC CIRCULATION ACCORDING TO DZERDZEEVSKII’S CLASSIFICATION</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title></trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kononova</surname><given-names>Nina</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en"/><email xlink:type="simple">NinaKononova@yandex.ru</email></contrib></contrib-group><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2010</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>01</day><month>03</month><year>2010</year></pub-date><volume>3</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>25</fpage><lpage>43</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Kononova N., 2010</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2010</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Kononova N.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Kononova N.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://ges.rgo.ru/jour/article/view/263">https://ges.rgo.ru/jour/article/view/263</self-uri><abstract><p>The long-term series of fluctuation of monthly and annual Northern Hemisphere atmospheric circulation in non-tropical latitudes from 1899 to 2008 according to Dzerdzeevskii classification have been discussed. The differences in atmospheric circulation between circulation epochs have been identified. The circulation and climatic characteristics of extreme decades of circulation epochs in the Northern Hemisphere and its six sectors—Atlantic, European, Siberian, Far East, Pacific, and American—have been given. The recent, the 1981–2007 period, is characterized by the increase in frequency (number of cases) and duration (number of days) of the southern meridional circulation group.</p></abstract></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Byshev, V.I., Kononova, N.K., Neiman, V.G. and Romanov, Yu.A (2004). Quantitative</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Byshev, V.I., Kononova, N.K., Neiman, V.G. and Romanov, Yu.A (2004). Quantitative</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Assessment of the Parameters of Sea – Air System Climate Variability. Oceanology, Vol. 44,</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Assessment of the Parameters of Sea – Air System Climate Variability. Oceanology, Vol. 44,</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">№ 3, pp. 315–326</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">№ 3, pp. 315–326</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Byshev, V.I., Neiman, V.G. and Romanov, Yu.A (2006). On the essential differences between</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Byshev, V.I., Neiman, V.G. and Romanov, Yu.A (2006). On the essential differences between</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">the long-scale variations of the surface temperature over the oceans and continents.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">the long-scale variations of the surface temperature over the oceans and continents.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Oceanology, Vol. 46, № 2, pp. 147–158.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Oceanology, Vol. 46, № 2, pp. 147–158.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Chaplygina, A.S. (1961). Statistical analysis of alternations of types of atmospheric</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Chaplygina, A.S. (1961). Statistical analysis of alternations of types of atmospheric</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">circulation types. Izvestia of the USSR Academy of Sciences. Physics of sea and atmosphere,</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">circulation types. Izvestia of the USSR Academy of Sciences. Physics of sea and atmosphere,</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">No 12, pp 1832–1843. (in Russian).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">No 12, pp 1832–1843. (in Russian).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Chernavskaya, M.M., Kononova, N.K and Val`chuk, T.E. (2006). Correlation between</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Chernavskaya, M.M., Kononova, N.K and Val`chuk, T.E. (2006). Correlation between</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">atmospheric circulation processes over the northern hemisphere and parameter of solar</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">atmospheric circulation processes over the northern hemisphere and parameter of solar</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">variability during 1899–2003 Advances in Space Research (JASR), Volume 37, Issue 8, pp.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">variability during 1899–2003 Advances in Space Research (JASR), Volume 37, Issue 8, pp.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">–1645.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">–1645.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Dzerdzeevskii, B.L. (1975). Selected works. General atmospheric circulation and climate. M.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Dzerdzeevskii, B.L. (1975). Selected works. General atmospheric circulation and climate. M.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Nauka, 288 p. (in Russian).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Nauka, 288 p. (in Russian).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Dzerdzeevskii, B.L. (1956). Problem of fluctuations of the general atmospheric circulation</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Dzerdzeevskii, B.L. (1956). Problem of fluctuations of the general atmospheric circulation</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit17"><label>17</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">and climate. In: A.I. Voeikov and problems of modern climatology. L., Gidrometeoizdat, pp.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">and climate. In: A.I. Voeikov and problems of modern climatology. L., Gidrometeoizdat, pp.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit18"><label>18</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">–122. (in Russian).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">–122. (in Russian).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit19"><label>19</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Dzerdzeevskii, B. (1962). Fluctuation of climate and of general circulation of the</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Dzerdzeevskii, B. (1962). Fluctuation of climate and of general circulation of the</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit20"><label>20</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">atmosphere in extra-tropical latitudes of the Northern Hemisphere and some problems</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">atmosphere in extra-tropical latitudes of the Northern Hemisphere and some problems</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit21"><label>21</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">of dynamic climatology – Tellus, Vol. 14, № 3, pp. 328–336.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">of dynamic climatology – Tellus, Vol. 14, № 3, pp. 328–336.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit22"><label>22</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Dzerdzeevskii, B.L. (1968). Circulation mechanisms in the Northern Hemisphere</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Dzerdzeevskii, B.L. (1968). Circulation mechanisms in the Northern Hemisphere</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit23"><label>23</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">atmosphere in 20-th century. Data of meteorological studies. Circulation of Atmosphere.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">atmosphere in 20-th century. Data of meteorological studies. Circulation of Atmosphere.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit24"><label>24</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">International geophysical year. Institute of Geography of the USSR Academy of Sciences</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">International geophysical year. Institute of Geography of the USSR Academy of Sciences</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit25"><label>25</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">and Interagency Geophysical Committee of the Presidium of the USSR Academy of</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">and Interagency Geophysical Committee of the Presidium of the USSR Academy of</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit26"><label>26</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Sciences. M. 240. (In Russian with English summary and contents).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sciences. M. 240. (In Russian with English summary and contents).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit27"><label>27</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Dzerdzeevskii, B.L. (1969). Climatic epochs in the twentieth century and some comments</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Dzerdzeevskii, B.L. (1969). Climatic epochs in the twentieth century and some comments</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit28"><label>28</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">on the analysis of past climates. Quaternary geology and climate. Washington, 1969, pp.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">on the analysis of past climates. Quaternary geology and climate. Washington, 1969, pp.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit29"><label>29</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">–60.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">–60.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit30"><label>30</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Dzerdzeevskii, B.L. (1970). Comparison of characteristics of atmospheric circulation over</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Dzerdzeevskii, B.L. (1970). Comparison of characteristics of atmospheric circulation over</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit31"><label>31</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">the Northern Hemisphere and over its sectors. Data of meteorological studies. Circulation</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">the Northern Hemisphere and over its sectors. Data of meteorological studies. Circulation</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit32"><label>32</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">of Atmosphere. Institute of Geography of the USSR Academy of Sciences and Interagency</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">of Atmosphere. Institute of Geography of the USSR Academy of Sciences and Interagency</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit33"><label>33</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Geophysical Committee of the Presidium of the USSR Academy of Sciences. M. pp. 7–14.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Geophysical Committee of the Presidium of the USSR Academy of Sciences. M. pp. 7–14.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit34"><label>34</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">(In Russian with English title, summary and contents).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">(In Russian with English title, summary and contents).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit35"><label>35</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Byshev, V.I., Kononova, N.K., Neiman, V.G. and Romanov, Yu.A (2004). Quantitative</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Byshev, V.I., Kononova, N.K., Neiman, V.G. and Romanov, Yu.A (2004). Quantitative</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit36"><label>36</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Assessment of the Parameters of Sea – Air System Climate Variability. Oceanology, Vol. 44,</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Assessment of the Parameters of Sea – Air System Climate Variability. Oceanology, Vol. 44,</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit37"><label>37</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">№ 3, pp. 315–326</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">№ 3, pp. 315–326</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit38"><label>38</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Byshev, V.I., Neiman, V.G. and Romanov, Yu.A (2006). On the essential differences between</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Byshev, V.I., Neiman, V.G. and Romanov, Yu.A (2006). On the essential differences between</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit39"><label>39</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">the long-scale variations of the surface temperature over the oceans and continents.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">the long-scale variations of the surface temperature over the oceans and continents.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit40"><label>40</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Oceanology, Vol. 46, № 2, pp. 147–158.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Oceanology, Vol. 46, № 2, pp. 147–158.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit41"><label>41</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Chaplygina, A.S. (1961). Statistical analysis of alternations of types of atmospheric</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Chaplygina, A.S. (1961). Statistical analysis of alternations of types of atmospheric</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit42"><label>42</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">circulation types. Izvestia of the USSR Academy of Sciences. Physics of sea and atmosphere,</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">circulation types. Izvestia of the USSR Academy of Sciences. Physics of sea and atmosphere,</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit43"><label>43</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">No 12, pp 1832–1843. (in Russian).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">No 12, pp 1832–1843. (in Russian).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit44"><label>44</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Chernavskaya, M.M., Kononova, N.K and Val`chuk, T.E. (2006). Correlation between</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Chernavskaya, M.M., Kononova, N.K and Val`chuk, T.E. (2006). Correlation between</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit45"><label>45</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">atmospheric circulation processes over the northern hemisphere and parameter of solar</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">atmospheric circulation processes over the northern hemisphere and parameter of solar</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit46"><label>46</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">variability during 1899–2003 Advances in Space Research (JASR), Volume 37, Issue 8, pp.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">variability during 1899–2003 Advances in Space Research (JASR), Volume 37, Issue 8, pp.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit47"><label>47</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">–1645.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">–1645.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit48"><label>48</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Dzerdzeevskii, B.L. (1975). Selected works. General atmospheric circulation and climate. M.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Dzerdzeevskii, B.L. (1975). Selected works. General atmospheric circulation and climate. M.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit49"><label>49</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Nauka, 288 p. (in Russian).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Nauka, 288 p. (in Russian).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit50"><label>50</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Dzerdzeevskii, B.L. (1956). Problem of fluctuations of the general atmospheric circulation</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Dzerdzeevskii, B.L. (1956). Problem of fluctuations of the general atmospheric circulation</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit51"><label>51</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">and climate. In: A.I. Voeikov and problems of modern climatology. L., Gidrometeoizdat, pp.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">and climate. In: A.I. Voeikov and problems of modern climatology. L., Gidrometeoizdat, pp.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit52"><label>52</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">–122. (in Russian).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">–122. (in Russian).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit53"><label>53</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Dzerdzeevskii, B. (1962). Fluctuation of climate and of general circulation of the</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Dzerdzeevskii, B. (1962). Fluctuation of climate and of general circulation of the</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit54"><label>54</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">atmosphere in extra-tropical latitudes of the Northern Hemisphere and some problems</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">atmosphere in extra-tropical latitudes of the Northern Hemisphere and some problems</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit55"><label>55</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">of dynamic climatology – Tellus, Vol. 14, № 3, pp. 328–336.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">of dynamic climatology – Tellus, Vol. 14, № 3, pp. 328–336.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit56"><label>56</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Dzerdzeevskii, B.L. (1968). Circulation mechanisms in the Northern Hemisphere</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Dzerdzeevskii, B.L. (1968). Circulation mechanisms in the Northern Hemisphere</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit57"><label>57</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">atmosphere in 20-th century. Data of meteorological studies. Circulation of Atmosphere.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">atmosphere in 20-th century. Data of meteorological studies. Circulation of Atmosphere.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit58"><label>58</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">International geophysical year. Institute of Geography of the USSR Academy of Sciences</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">International geophysical year. Institute of Geography of the USSR Academy of Sciences</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit59"><label>59</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">and Interagency Geophysical Committee of the Presidium of the USSR Academy of</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">and Interagency Geophysical Committee of the Presidium of the USSR Academy of</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit60"><label>60</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Sciences. M. 240. (In Russian with English summary and contents).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sciences. M. 240. (In Russian with English summary and contents).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit61"><label>61</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Dzerdzeevskii, B.L. (1969). Climatic epochs in the twentieth century and some comments</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Dzerdzeevskii, B.L. (1969). Climatic epochs in the twentieth century and some comments</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit62"><label>62</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">on the analysis of past climates. Quaternary geology and climate. Washington, 1969, pp.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">on the analysis of past climates. Quaternary geology and climate. Washington, 1969, pp.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit63"><label>63</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">–60.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">–60.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit64"><label>64</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Dzerdzeevskii, B.L. (1970). Comparison of characteristics of atmospheric circulation over</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Dzerdzeevskii, B.L. (1970). Comparison of characteristics of atmospheric circulation over</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit65"><label>65</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">the Northern Hemisphere and over its sectors. Data of meteorological studies. Circulation</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">the Northern Hemisphere and over its sectors. Data of meteorological studies. Circulation</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit66"><label>66</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">of Atmosphere. Institute of Geography of the USSR Academy of Sciences and Interagency</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">of Atmosphere. Institute of Geography of the USSR Academy of Sciences and Interagency</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit67"><label>67</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Geophysical Committee of the Presidium of the USSR Academy of Sciences. M. pp. 7–14.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Geophysical Committee of the Presidium of the USSR Academy of Sciences. M. pp. 7–14.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit68"><label>68</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">(In Russian with English title, summary and contents).of Glaciological Studies, Issue 99, pp. 94–98. (In Russian with English summary, figure</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">(In Russian with English title, summary and contents).of Glaciological Studies, Issue 99, pp. 94–98. (In Russian with English summary, figure</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit69"><label>69</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">captions and contents).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">captions and contents).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit70"><label>70</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kosiba, A. (1962). A Mystery of the last climate cooling after 1939. Classical. Geography.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kosiba, A. (1962). A Mystery of the last climate cooling after 1939. Classical. Geography.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit71"><label>71</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Vol. 33, № 1. vol. 33, No 1. (in Polish).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Vol. 33, № 1. vol. 33, No 1. (in Polish).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit72"><label>72</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">The Nature of Long-Term Fluctuations of River Discharge. (1976). I.P. Drujinina (Ed.) “Nauka”,</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">The Nature of Long-Term Fluctuations of River Discharge. (1976). I.P. Drujinina (Ed.) “Nauka”,</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit73"><label>73</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Siberian Branch, Novosibirsk, 336 p. (in Russian).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Siberian Branch, Novosibirsk, 336 p. (in Russian).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit74"><label>74</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Rubinshtein, E. S. and L.G. Polozova. (1966). Modern Climate Change. Gidrometeoizdat. L.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Rubinshtein, E. S. and L.G. Polozova. (1966). Modern Climate Change. Gidrometeoizdat. L.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit75"><label>75</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">p. (in Russian).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">p. (in Russian).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit76"><label>76</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Savina, S.S. and L.V Khmelevskaya (1984). Dynamics of Atmospheric Processes over the</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Savina, S.S. and L.V Khmelevskaya (1984). Dynamics of Atmospheric Processes over the</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit77"><label>77</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Northern Hemisphere in XX Century. Data of meteorological studies. № 9. Circulation of</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Northern Hemisphere in XX Century. Data of meteorological studies. № 9. Circulation of</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit78"><label>78</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Atmosphere. Institute of Geography of the USSR Academy of Sciences and Interagency</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Atmosphere. Institute of Geography of the USSR Academy of Sciences and Interagency</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit79"><label>79</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Geophysical Committee of the Presidium of the USSR Academy of Sciences. M. 146 p. (In</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Geophysical Committee of the Presidium of the USSR Academy of Sciences. M. 146 p. (In</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit80"><label>80</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Russian with English summary, and contents).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Russian with English summary, and contents).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit81"><label>81</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Titkova, T.B., and N.K. Kononova. (2006). Connection between anomalies in snow</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Titkova, T.B., and N.K. Kononova. (2006). Connection between anomalies in snow</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit82"><label>82</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">accumulation and general atmosphere circulation. Izvestia of RAS, Series Geography, №</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">accumulation and general atmosphere circulation. Izvestia of RAS, Series Geography, №</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit83"><label>83</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">, 35-46. (In Russian with English summary).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">, 35-46. (In Russian with English summary).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit84"><label>84</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Climatic Research Unit (University of East Anglia): Data on air temperatures: http://www.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Climatic Research Unit (University of East Anglia): Data on air temperatures: http://www.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit85"><label>85</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">cru.uea.ac.uk/cru/data/temperature/</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">cru.uea.ac.uk/cru/data/temperature/</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
