gesjGEOGRAPHY, ENVIRONMENT, SUSTAINABILITYGEOGRAPHY, ENVIRONMENT, SUSTAINABILITY2071-93882542-1565Russian Geographical Society10.15356/2071-9388_03v09_2016_01gesj-104Research ArticleGEOGRAPHYГеографияSTABLE ISOTOPE GEOCHEMISTRY OF MASSIVE ICEVasil’chukYurij K.

Faculty of Geography and Faculty of Geologн

vasilch@geol.msu.ruMurtonJulian B.

Permafrost Laboratory, Department of Geography

face@neicon.ruLomonosov Moscow State UniversityRussian FederationUniversity of SussexUnited Kingdom20160109201693424Copyright © Vasil’chuk Y.K., Murton J.B., 20162016Vasil’chuk Y.K., Murton J.B.Vasil’chuk Y.K., Murton J.B.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://ges.rgo.ru/jour/article/view/104

The paper summarises stable-isotope research on massive ice in the Russian and North American Arctic, and includes the latest understanding of massive-ice formation. A new classification of massive-ice complexes is proposed, encompassing the range and variabilityof massive ice. It distinguishes two new categories of massive-ice complexes: homogeneousmassive-ice complexes have a similar structure, properties and genesis throughout, whereasheterogeneous massive-ice complexes vary spatially (in their structure and properties) andgenetically within a locality and consist of two or more homogeneous massive-ice bodies.Analysis of pollen and spores in massive ice from Subarctic regions and from ice and snow cover of Arctic ice caps assists with interpretation of the origin of massive ice. Radiocarbon ages of massive ice and host sediments are considered together with isotope values of heavy oxygen and deuterium from massive ice plotted at a uniform scale in order to assist interpretation and correlation of the ice.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.